Appetite, Glycemia, and Entero-Insular Hormone Responses Differ Between Oral, Gastric-Remnant, and Duodenal Administration of a Mixed-Meal Test After Roux-en-Y Gastric Bypass

Diabetes Care. 2018 Jun;41(6):1295-1298. doi: 10.2337/dc17-2515. Epub 2018 Apr 10.

Abstract

Objective: To examine the effect of different feeding routes on appetite and metabolic responses after Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB).

Research design and methods: A standard liquid meal was administered either orally, into the gastric remnant, or intraduodenally 6 months after RYGB. Changes in plasma glucose, insulin, glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1), glucose-dependent insulinotropic peptide (GIP), peptide YY (PYY), and appetite were measured pre- and postprandially.

Results: Postprandial GLP-1 and PYY responses were similar, whereas glucose, insulin, and GIP levels differed markedly after oral versus intraduodenal feeding. Intraduodenal feeding prompted an intermediate appetite response (i.e., between oral and intragastric). For postprandial glucose, insulin, and GIP levels, the intraduodenal route was more similar to the intragastric than the oral route. Intragastric administration did not evoke changes in appetite, glucose, or insulin; however, it slightly increased GLP-1 and PYY and moderately increased GIP.

Conclusions: Appetite and metabolic responses after RYGB depend on the route by which nutrients enter the gastrointestinal tract.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Appetite / physiology*
  • Blood Glucose / metabolism*
  • Duodenum / metabolism*
  • Duodenum / surgery
  • Enteral Nutrition
  • Female
  • Food
  • Gastric Bypass
  • Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / blood
  • Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide / metabolism
  • Gastric Mucosa / metabolism*
  • Gastrointestinal Hormones / blood
  • Gastrointestinal Hormones / metabolism*
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / blood
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Insulin / blood
  • Insulin / metabolism
  • Insulin Resistance / physiology
  • Male
  • Meals / physiology
  • Obesity / blood
  • Obesity / metabolism*
  • Obesity / surgery
  • Peptide YY / blood
  • Peptide YY / metabolism
  • Postprandial Period
  • Stomach / surgery

Substances

  • Blood Glucose
  • Gastrointestinal Hormones
  • Insulin
  • Peptide YY
  • Gastric Inhibitory Polypeptide
  • Glucagon-Like Peptide 1