Pharmacogenetics of androgen signaling in prostate cancer: Focus on castration resistance and predictive biomarkers of response to treatment

Marzia Del Re; Stefania Crucitta; Giuliana Restante; Eleonora Rofi; Elena Arrigoni; Elisa Biasco; Andrea Sbrana; Erika Coppi; Luca Galli; Sergio Bracarda; Daniele Santini; Romano Danesi

doi:10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.002

Pharmacogenetics of androgen signaling in prostate cancer: Focus on castration resistance and predictive biomarkers of response to treatment

Crit Rev Oncol Hematol. 2018 May:125:51-59. doi: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.002. Epub 2018 Mar 6.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics Unit, Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
³ Medical Oncology Unit, Department of Translational Research and New Technologies in Medicine, University of Pisa, Italy.
⁴ Department of Oncology, Azienda USL Toscana Sud-Est, Arezzo, Italy.
⁵ Oncology Unit, Campus Bio-Medico University Hospital, Rome, Italy.

PMID: 29650277
DOI: 10.1016/j.critrevonc.2018.03.002

Abstract

Tumor heterogeneity strongly affects the molecular mechanisms driving resistance to hormonal therapies in castration-resistant prostate cancer. Since the current use of available treatments can be optimized on the basis of the molecular profile of tumor, the present review focuses on genetic biomarkers in prostate cancer and their application to a personalized treatment.

Keywords: Androgen receptor; Castration resistant prostate cancer; Predictive biomarkers; Treatment resistance; Tumor heterogeneity.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

Androgens / metabolism
Androgens / pharmacology
Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal / therapeutic use
Biomarkers, Pharmacological / analysis*
Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis*
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm* / drug effects
Drug Resistance, Neoplasm* / genetics
Humans
Male
Pharmacogenetics*
Prognosis
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / diagnosis*
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / genetics
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / pathology
Prostatic Neoplasms, Castration-Resistant / therapy*
Receptors, Androgen / genetics
Receptors, Androgen / metabolism
Signal Transduction / drug effects
Signal Transduction / genetics

Substances

Androgens
Antineoplastic Agents, Hormonal
Biomarkers, Pharmacological
Biomarkers, Tumor
Receptors, Androgen