Atrial Fibrillation in Hypertension: Patients' Characteristics

Background: The most common risk factor for Atrial Fibrillation (AF) development is hypertension.

Purpose: to explore patients' characteristics associated with AF caused by hypertension.

Methods: The sample of the study included 170 patients with AF caused by hypertension. Data collection was performed by the method of interview using a questionnaire developed by the researchers of the study for the collection of demographic, clinical and other patients' characteristics.

Results: Regarding type of AF, 21.9% of the patients had paroxysmal AF while 64.5% and 13.6% had persistent and permanent AF, respectively. Patients who had persistent AF were receiving anticoagulants and antiarrhythmics at a higher percentage (88.8% and 82.2%,respectively) than patients with paroxysmal (69.4% and 72.2%, respectively) or permanent AF (69.6% and 56.5%, respectively). Patients with persistent AF had at a lower percentage their blood pressure controlled than patients with paroxysmal or permanent AF (85.3% vs. 97.3% and 95.7%, respectively). Patients with permanent AF had at a higher percentage >5 years onset of their heart problem (47.8%) than patients with paroxysmal or persistent AF (10.8% and 8.3%, respectively). Patients with permanent AF had at a higher percentage previous hospitalization due to AF (69.6%) than patients with paroxysmal (40.5%) or persistent AF (62%). Lastly, patients with persistent AF were very informed about the state of their health at a higher percentage (33%) compared patients with paroxysmal or permanent AF (13.5% and 26,1%, respectively).

Conclusions: The present study revealed patients' characteristics that may be helpful when planning nursing interventions or guiding clinical decision-making.