The orphan nuclear receptor NR4A1 attenuates oxidative stress-induced β cells apoptosis via up-regulation of glutathione peroxidase 1

Life Sci. 2018 Jun 15:203:225-232. doi: 10.1016/j.lfs.2018.04.027. Epub 2018 Apr 18.

Abstract

Aims: Our previous study showed that NR4A1 protects against oxidative stress-induced cell apoptosis. However, the targets downstream of NR4A1 are incompletely known. Glutathione peroxidase 1 (GPX1) is the most common antioxidant enzyme in the glutathione peroxidase class. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether GPX1 is a mediator of the protective effects of NR4A1 in pancreatic β cells.

Main methods: A pancreatic β cell line, MIN6, was used to generate NR4A1 over-expression cell line. GPX1 expression and GPX1 promoter trans-activation in these cells was determined. These cells were then treated with H2O2, and the active caspase3 level was determined.

Key findings: NR4A1 over-expression in MIN6 cells resulted in increased GPX1 expression at both mRNA and protein levels. Dual luciferase assay showed that NR4A1 over-expression was able to enhance the trans-activation of GPX1 promoter, and the critical regulatory elements were narrowed down between 0 to -2000 bp in GPX1 promoter with a putative NR4A1 binding site (-273 to -268). ChIP assays demonstrated that NR4A1 physically associates with the GPX1 promoter. Over-expression of GPX1 reduced the active level of Caspase3 after H2O2 treatment.

Significance: NR4A1 increases the expression of GPX1 by enhancing the trans-activation of GPX1 promoter through binding to the putative binding site on GPX1 promoter. NR4A1 potentially protects pancreatic β cells against oxidative stress-induced apoptosis by increasing GPX1 expression.

Keywords: GPX1; NR4A1; Oxidative stress.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Apoptosis*
  • Cells, Cultured
  • Endoplasmic Reticulum Stress
  • Glutathione Peroxidase / genetics
  • Glutathione Peroxidase / metabolism*
  • Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / metabolism
  • Insulin-Secreting Cells / pathology*
  • Islets of Langerhans / metabolism
  • Islets of Langerhans / pathology*
  • Mice
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1 / genetics
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1 / metabolism*
  • Oxidative Stress*
  • Promoter Regions, Genetic
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Transcriptional Activation
  • Up-Regulation

Substances

  • Nr4a1 protein, mouse
  • Nuclear Receptor Subfamily 4, Group A, Member 1
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Glutathione Peroxidase
  • Glutathione Peroxidase GPX1
  • Gpx1 protein, mouse