Anal and rectal function after intensity-modulated prostate radiotherapy with endorectal balloon

Radiother Oncol. 2018 Aug;128(2):364-368. doi: 10.1016/j.radonc.2018.03.032. Epub 2018 Apr 30.

Abstract

Background and purpose: Late anorectal toxicity influences quality of life after external beam radiotherapy (EBRT) for prostate cancer. A daily inserted endorectal balloon (ERB) during EBRT aims to reduce anorectal toxicity. Our goal is to objectify anorectal function over time after prostate intensity-modulated radiotherapy (IMRT) with ERB.

Material and methods: Sixty men, irradiated with IMRT and an ERB, underwent barostat measurements and anorectal manometry prior to EBRT and 6 months, one year and 2 years after radiotherapy. Primary outcome measures were rectal distensibility and rectal sensibility in response to stepwise isobaric distensions and anal pressures.

Results: Forty-eight men completed all measurements. EBRT reduced maximal rectal capacity 2 years after EBRT (250 ± 10 mL vs. 211 ± 10 mL; p < 0.001), area under the pressure-volume curve (2878 ± 270 mL mmHg vs. 2521 ± 305 mL mmHg; p = 0.043) and rectal compliance (NS). Sensory pressure thresholds for first sense and first urge (both p < 0.01) increased. Anal maximum pressure diminished after IMRT (p = 0.006).

Conclusions: Rectal capacity and sensory function are increasingly affected over time after radiotherapy. There is an indication that these reductions are affected less with IMRT + ERB compared to conventional radiation techniques.

Keywords: Electronic barostat; External beam radiotherapy; Intensity modulated radiotherapy; Localized prostate cancer; Manometry; Rectal distension.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Anal Canal / physiopathology
  • Anal Canal / radiation effects
  • Anus Diseases / etiology
  • Anus Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Humans
  • Longitudinal Studies
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Pressure
  • Prospective Studies
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / physiopathology
  • Prostatic Neoplasms / radiotherapy*
  • Quality of Life
  • Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / adverse effects
  • Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / instrumentation*
  • Radiotherapy, Intensity-Modulated / methods
  • Rectal Diseases / etiology
  • Rectal Diseases / physiopathology*
  • Rectum / physiopathology
  • Rectum / radiation effects