Mitochondrial Translation Efficiency Controls Cytoplasmic Protein Homeostasis

Cell Metab. 2018 Jun 5;27(6):1309-1322.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.cmet.2018.04.011. Epub 2018 May 10.

Abstract

Cellular proteostasis is maintained via the coordinated synthesis, maintenance, and breakdown of proteins in the cytosol and organelles. While biogenesis of the mitochondrial membrane complexes that execute oxidative phosphorylation depends on cytoplasmic translation, it is unknown how translation within mitochondria impacts cytoplasmic proteostasis and nuclear gene expression. Here we have analyzed the effects of mutations in the highly conserved accuracy center of the yeast mitoribosome. Decreased accuracy of mitochondrial translation shortened chronological lifespan, impaired management of cytosolic protein aggregates, and elicited a general transcriptional stress response. In striking contrast, increased accuracy extended lifespan, improved cytosolic aggregate clearance, and suppressed a normally stress-induced, Msn2/4-dependent interorganellar proteostasis transcription program (IPTP) that regulates genes important for mitochondrial proteostasis. Collectively, the data demonstrate that cytosolic protein homeostasis and nuclear stress signaling are controlled by mitochondrial translation efficiency in an inter-connected organelle quality control network that determines cellular lifespan.

Keywords: OXPHOS; TOR1 signaling; aggregate handling; aging; mitochondria-to-nucleus communication; mitochondrial protein synthesis; mitochondrial ribosome; protein folding; stress signaling; translational fidelity.

MeSH terms

  • Cell Nucleus / metabolism
  • DNA-Binding Proteins / metabolism
  • Gene Expression Regulation
  • Mitochondria* / genetics
  • Mitochondria* / metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Proteins* / genetics
  • Mitochondrial Proteins* / metabolism
  • Mitochondrial Ribosomes / metabolism*
  • Phosphatidylinositol 3-Kinases / metabolism
  • Protein Biosynthesis*
  • Proteostasis / genetics*
  • Reactive Oxygen Species / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins / metabolism
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae* / genetics
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae* / metabolism
  • Signal Transduction
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism

Substances

  • DNA-Binding Proteins
  • MSN2 protein, S cerevisiae
  • MSN4 protein, S cerevisiae
  • Mitochondrial Proteins
  • Reactive Oxygen Species
  • Saccharomyces cerevisiae Proteins
  • Transcription Factors
  • TOR1 protein, S cerevisiae