Long-term compliance with a validated intravenous insulin therapy protocol in cardiac surgery patients: a quality improvement project

Int J Qual Health Care. 2018 Dec 1;30(10):817-822. doi: 10.1093/intqhc/mzy112.

Abstract

Quality problem: Safe and efficient blood glucose (BG) level control after cardiac surgery relies on an intensive care unit (ICU) team-based approach, including implementation of a dynamic insulin therapy protocol (ITP). Long-term compliance with such a complex protocol is poorly addressed in the literature. The aim of this study was to assess the long-term compliance of nurses with the ITP, 7 years after its implementation in the ICU.

Initial assessment: A professional practice evaluation, integrated in a process of quality improvement program, was retrospectively conducted on 224 consecutive cardiac surgery patients over a 6-month period (PHASE 1). The timing of BG measurements and the insulin infusion rate adjustments (primary endpoints) were correctly performed according to protocol requirements in 35 and 53% of the cases, respectively.

Choice of solution and implementation: After systemic analysis of the causes of protocol deviations, four corrective measures aiming at improving both physician and nurse adherence to the protocol were implemented in the ICU.

Evaluation: Evaluation of 104 patients in PHASE 2 showed a significant improvement in both the timing of BG measurements (83 %, P < 0.001 vs. PHASE 1), and insulin infusion rate adjustments (76%, P < 0.001).

Lessons learned: Seven years after the implementation of a dynamic insulin infusion protocol, major protocol deviations were observed. Identification of several causes after a professional practice evaluation and the implementation of simple corrective measures restored a high level of nurse compliance.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures*
  • Clinical Protocols*
  • Female
  • Guideline Adherence / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Hyperglycemia / drug therapy
  • Infusions, Intravenous
  • Insulin / administration & dosage
  • Insulin / therapeutic use*
  • Intensive Care Units / statistics & numerical data
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Nursing Staff, Hospital
  • Physicians
  • Postoperative Complications / prevention & control
  • Postoperative Complications / therapy
  • Quality Improvement / organization & administration*
  • Retrospective Studies

Substances

  • Insulin