Severe hematuria in a hematopoietic cell transplant recipient caused by Ureaplasma urealyticum not by BK virus or adenovirus infection

Transpl Infect Dis. 2018 Aug;20(4):e12921. doi: 10.1111/tid.12921. Epub 2018 Jun 14.

Abstract

A 17-year-old male with acute lymphoblastic leukemia developed severe hematuria and scrotal swelling after haploidentical hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT). Urine culture was negative. BK virus and adenovirus were negative. However, Ureaplasma urealyticum was detected. He showed dramatic improvement after doxycycline treatment. This is the first report in the literature of hemorrhagic cystitis caused by U. urealyticum in a HCT recipient. In HCT recipients with hemorrhagic cystitis, U. urealyticum should be considered as a potential cause.

Keywords: Ureaplasma urealyticum; epididymitis; hematopoietic cell transplantation; hemorrhagic cystitis.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Adolescent
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Cystitis / diagnosis
  • Cystitis / drug therapy
  • Cystitis / microbiology*
  • Doxycycline / therapeutic use
  • Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation / adverse effects*
  • Hematuria / diagnosis
  • Hematuria / drug therapy
  • Hematuria / microbiology*
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Precursor Cell Lymphoblastic Leukemia-Lymphoma / surgery
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Ureaplasma Infections / diagnosis
  • Ureaplasma Infections / drug therapy
  • Ureaplasma Infections / microbiology*
  • Ureaplasma urealyticum / isolation & purification
  • Ureaplasma urealyticum / pathogenicity*

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Doxycycline