Objective: To understand the performance of spirometry examination in adults aged ≥40 years and provide evidence for the improvement of comprehensive prevention and control of COPD and the evaluation on the effects of current prevention and control measures. Methods: The study subjects were those included in national COPD surveillance in China during 2014-2015. The surveillance used a multi-stage, stratified cluster sampling strategy and a total of 125 surveillance points in 31 provinces were covered. A total of 75 107 adults aged ≥40 years received a questionnaire survey in face to face interviews to collect the information about their acceptance of spirometry examination in previous years. The estimated rate (95%CI) of spirometry examination was calculated based on complex sampling weight design. Results: A total of 74 591 subjects were included in the analyses. The estimated rate of spirometry examination was 4.5% (95%CI: 3.7%-5.2%), and it was significantly higher in men than in women (P<0.001), in urban population than in rural population (P<0.001). The rate of spirometry examination increased with the increase of education level (P<0.001). The rate of spirometry examination was highest in retirees (10.8%, 95%CI: 8.2%-13.3%), and lowest in those working in the industry of agriculture, forestry, animal husbandry, fishery and water conservancy (2.4%, 95%CI: 2.0%-2.9%). The rate of spirometry examination was high in those with previous chronic respiratory diseases and respiratory symptoms, i.e. 13.4% (95%CI: 10.5%-16.4%) and 15.0% (95%CI: 10.5%-19.4%) respectively. The rate of spirometry examination in former smokers was 7.4% (95%CI: 6.0%-8.8%), slightly higher than those in current smokers and never smokers, 4.7% (95%CI: 3.9%-5.5%) and 3.9% (95%CI: 3.0%-4.7%), respectively. In different population groups, the rate of spirometry examination was lowest in rural population who had received no formal education (1.8%, 95%CI: 1.2%-2.3%) and highest in urban population with respiratory symptoms (20.2%, 95%CI: 12.6%-27.8%). Conclusion: The rate of spirometry examination is extremely low in adults aged ≥40 years in China, therefore effective measures should be taken to increase the rate of spirometry examination in adults in China.
目的： 了解中国≥40岁居民肺功能检查状况及其分布特征，为完善COPD综合防控策略与措施，评价综合防控效果提供依据。 方法： 对象来源于2014－2015年中国居民COPD监测调查，该监测覆盖中国31个省（自治区、直辖市）的125个监测县/区，采用多阶段分层整群抽样，共调查≥40岁常住居民75 107人，以面对面询问调查方式收集调查对象既往肺功能检查情况。对样本进行复杂抽样加权，估计≥40岁居民肺功能检查率及其95%CI。 结果： 74 591名调查对象纳入分析。中国≥40岁居民肺功能检查率为4.5%（95%CI：3.7%~5.2%），男性高于女性（P<0.001），城镇高于乡村（P<0.001），且随居民文化程度增高呈上升趋势（P<0.001）。在职业分布中，离退休人员的肺功能检查率最高为10.8%（95%CI：8.2%~13.3%），农林牧渔水利行业人群肺功能检查率最低为2.4%（95%CI：2.0%~2.9%）。有慢性呼吸系统疾病史、有呼吸道症状的居民肺功能检查率较高，分别为13.4%（95%CI：10.5%~16.4%）、15.0%（95%CI：10.5%~19.4%）。曾经吸烟者肺功能检查率为7.4%（95%CI：6.0%~8.8%），略高于现在吸烟和从不吸烟者，分别为4.7%（95%CI：3.9%~5.5%）和3.9%（95%CI：3.0%~4.7%）。在不同特征人群中，小学以下文化程度的乡村居民肺功能检查率最低（1.8%，95%CI：1.2%~2.3%），有呼吸道症状的城镇居民肺功能检查率最高（20.2%，95%CI：12.6%~27.8%）。 结论： 中国≥40岁居民肺功能检查水平极低，应采取有效措施，通过多种途径提高其肺功能检查率。.
Keywords: Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease; Cross-sectional study; Spirometry examination.