DMSO increases efficiency of genome editing at two non-coding loci

PLoS One. 2018 Jun 4;13(6):e0198637. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0198637. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Clustered Regularly Interspaced Short Palindromic Repeats (CRISPR)/CRISPR-associated protein-9 (Cas9) has become the tool of choice for genome editing. Despite the fact that it has evolved as a highly efficient means to edit/replace coding sequence, CRISPR/Cas9 efficiency for "clean" editing of non-coding DNA remains low. We set out to introduce a single base-pair substitution in two intronic SNPs at the FTO locus without altering nearby non-coding sequence. Substitution efficiency increased up to 10-fold by treatment of human embryonic stem cells (ESC) with non-toxic levels of DMSO (1%) before CRISPR/Cas9 delivery. Treatment with DMSO did not result in CRISPR/Cas9 off-target effects or compromise the chromosomal stability of the ESC. Twenty-four hour treatment of human ESC with DMSO before CRISPR/Cas9 delivery may prove a simple means to increase editing efficiency of non-coding DNA without incorporation of undesirable mutations.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

  • Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO / genetics
  • CRISPR-Cas Systems / genetics*
  • Cell Line
  • Dimethyl Sulfoxide / chemistry*
  • Gene Editing / methods*
  • Genetic Loci / genetics*
  • Human Embryonic Stem Cells
  • Humans
  • Introns / genetics*
  • Polymorphism, Single Nucleotide / genetics

Substances

  • Alpha-Ketoglutarate-Dependent Dioxygenase FTO
  • FTO protein, human
  • Dimethyl Sulfoxide