Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors: A new paradigm in heart failure with reduced ejection fraction

Int J Cardiol. 2019 Apr 15:281:179-185. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.05.124. Epub 2018 Jun 2.

Abstract

Despite significant advances in the last 30 years in reducing morbidity and mortality from heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) with pharmacological and device-based therapies, patients remain at a high risk of adverse cardiovascular outcomes. Sacubitril/valsartan, a first-in-class angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors (ARNI), has been shown to reduce the risk of cardiovascular death or heart failure hospitalisation and improve symptoms in patients with chronic, ambulatory, symptomatic HFrEF in a large, phase 3, multicentre, international, randomised controlled trial, PARADIGM-HF, when compared to the gold-standard angiotensin converting enzyme inhibitor, enalapril. This article will review the development of sacubitril/valsartan, the evidence for its use and its current and future role in the management of HFrEF.

Keywords: Angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitor; Heart failure; Heart failure with reduced ejection fraction; Natriuretic peptides; Neprilysin; Renin-angiotensin aldosterone system.

Publication types

  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / pharmacology
  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists / therapeutic use*
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / pharmacology
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors / therapeutic use*
  • Animals
  • Heart Failure / drug therapy*
  • Heart Failure / metabolism
  • Humans
  • Neprilysin / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Neprilysin / metabolism
  • Receptors, Angiotensin / metabolism
  • Renin-Angiotensin System / drug effects
  • Renin-Angiotensin System / physiology
  • Stroke Volume / drug effects*
  • Stroke Volume / physiology

Substances

  • Angiotensin Receptor Antagonists
  • Angiotensin-Converting Enzyme Inhibitors
  • Receptors, Angiotensin
  • Neprilysin