Radical Hysterectomy: Efficacy and Safety in the Dawn of Minimally Invasive Techniques

J Minim Invasive Gynecol. 2019 Mar-Apr;26(3):492-500. doi: 10.1016/j.jmig.2018.06.007. Epub 2018 Jun 13.

Abstract

Study objective: To analyze the effect that the introduction of minimally invasive procedures has had on surgical and oncologic outcomes when compared with conventional open radical hysterectomy (ORH) in a national reference cancer after 17 years of experience in radical hysterectomy.

Design: A prospective controlled study (Canadian Task Force classification II-2).

Setting: A university teaching hospital.

Patients: All patients who underwent radical hysterectomy as primary treatment for cervical cancer in our institution between May 1999 and June 2016, with a total of 188 patients.

Interventions: Patients underwent ORH or minimally invasive surgery (MIS) (i.e., laparoscopic or robotically assisted radical hysterectomy).

Measurements and main results: Seventy-six patients underwent ORH, 90 laparoscopic radical hysterectomy, and 22 robotically assisted radical hysterectomy. Blood loss and hospital stay were inferior in the MIS group (p <.0001). The laparotomic group presented shorter operation times (p = .0001). With a median follow-up of 112.4 months, a total of 156 patients (83%) were alive and free of disease at the time of the data analysis. Overall survival was higher in the MIS group when compared with the ORH group (91 vs 78.9, p = .026). There were no differences regarding recurrence rates between the surgical approaches.

Conclusion: With 1 of the largest follow-up periods in the literature, this study provides added evidence that MIS could become the preferable surgical approach for early-stage cervical cancer since it appears to reduce morbidity without affecting oncologic results.

Keywords: Cervical cancer; Laparoscopy; Nerve sparing; Robotic surgery; Survival.

MeSH terms

  • Adenocarcinoma / mortality
  • Adenocarcinoma / pathology
  • Adenocarcinoma / surgery
  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / mortality
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / pathology
  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell / surgery
  • Female
  • Hospitals, University
  • Humans
  • Hysterectomy / methods
  • Length of Stay
  • Middle Aged
  • Minimally Invasive Surgical Procedures / methods
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / mortality
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / pathology
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local / surgery*
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Operative Time
  • Postoperative Complications
  • Prospective Studies
  • Spain
  • Survival Analysis
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / mortality
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / pathology
  • Uterine Cervical Neoplasms / surgery*