First-in-Man Experience with a Novel Catheter-Based Renal Denervation System of Ultrasonic Ablation in Patients with Resistant Hypertension

J Vasc Interv Radiol. 2018 Aug;29(8):1158-1166. doi: 10.1016/j.jvir.2018.03.022. Epub 2018 Jun 18.

Abstract

Purpose: To report results of renal denervation (RDN) with the first catheter-based, non-balloon occlusion ultrasonic system in patients with resistant hypertension.

Materials and methods: In a multicenter, single-arm trial, 39 patients with resistant hypertension (defined as uncontrolled hypertension while taking ≥ 3 antihypertensive medications) were treated. The cohort consisted of 4 groups: severe resistant hypertension (office systolic blood pressure [OSBP] ≥ 160 mm Hg) treated with a unidirectional catheter (group 1; n = 14); severe resistant hypertension treated with a multidirectional catheter (group 2; n = 18); moderate resistant hypertension (OSBP 140-159 mm Hg) treated with a multidirectional catheter (group 3; n = 5); and recurrent severe resistant hypertension, after an initial response to RF RDN (group 4; n = 2). Blood pressure monitoring was performed for 6 months.

Results: Severe adverse events were not noted immediately after the procedure or during follow-up. Treatment time was longer with unidirectional than with multidirectional catheters (36.7 min ± 9.6 vs 11.9 min ± 5.8; P < .001). Mean reductions in office blood pressure (systolic/diastolic) at 1, 3, and 6 months were -26.1/-9.6 mm Hg, -28.0/-9.9 mm Hg, and -30.6/-14.1 mm Hg (P < .01 for all). Per-group analysis showed significant OSBP reduction for groups 1 and 2. Patients with isolated systolic hypertension had a significantly smaller reduction in OSBP after 6 months compared with patients with combined systolic/diastolic hypertension (-16.2 mm Hg ± 18.5 vs -9.9 mm Hg ± 33.4; P < .005).

Conclusions: Use of the RDN system was feasible and safe in this phase I study. Significant blood pressure reductions were observed over 6 months, although less in patients with isolated systolic hypertension.

Publication types

  • Clinical Trial, Phase I
  • Multicenter Study

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Antihypertensive Agents / therapeutic use
  • Australia
  • Autonomic Denervation / adverse effects
  • Autonomic Denervation / instrumentation
  • Autonomic Denervation / methods*
  • Blood Pressure* / drug effects
  • Catheter Ablation* / adverse effects
  • Catheter Ablation* / instrumentation
  • Catheters
  • Drug Resistance
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Europe
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Hypertension / diagnosis
  • Hypertension / physiopathology
  • Hypertension / surgery*
  • Israel
  • Kidney / blood supply*
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prospective Studies
  • Renal Artery / innervation*
  • Severity of Illness Index
  • Time Factors
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Ultrasonic Surgical Procedures* / adverse effects
  • Ultrasonic Surgical Procedures* / instrumentation
  • Ultrasonography, Interventional

Substances

  • Antihypertensive Agents