Objective: To study the modification effect of age on the association between body mass index and the risk of hypertension. Methods: People age ≥18 years old were selected by clusters, from a rural area of Henan province. In total, 20 194 people were recruited at baseline during 2007 and 2008, and the follow-up study was completed from 2013 to 2014. Logistic regression model was used to assess the risk of incident hypertension by baseline BMI and age-specific BMI. Results: During the 6-year follow-up period, 1 950 hypertensive persons were detected, including 784 men and 1 166 women, with cumulative incidence rates as 19.96%, 20.51%, and 19.61%, respectively. Compared with those whose BMI<22 kg/m(2), the RRs of hypertension were 1.09 (0.93-1.27), 1.17 (1.01-1.37), 1.34 (1.14-1.58) and 1.31 (1.09-1.56) for participants with BMI as 22-, 24-, 26- and ≥28 kg/m(2), respectively. In young and middle-aged populations, the risk of hypertension gradually increased with the rise of BMI (trend P<0.05). However, in the elderly, the increasing trend on the risk of hypertension risk was not as significantly obvious (trend P>0.05). Conclusion: The effect of BMI on the incidence of hypertension seemed to depend on age. Our findings suggested that a weight reduction program would be more effective on young or middle-aged populations, to prevent the development of hypertension.
目的： 探讨中国成年人群年龄对BMI与高血压发病风险的影响。 方法： 采用整群随机抽样方法，选择河南省新安县≥18岁20 194名农村常住居民为研究对象，于2007－2008年开展基线调查，2013－2014年随访。采用logistic回归模型分析基线BMI、年龄别BMI与高血压发病风险的关系。 结果： 共纳入9 768名研究对象，在6年随访期内，发生高血压1 950例，其中男性784例，女性1 166例，相应的累积发病率分别为19.96%、20.51%和19.61%。以BMI<22 kg/m(2)组为参照，基线BMI为22~、24~、26~、≥28 kg/m(2)的研究对象发生高血压的RR值（95%CI）分别为1.09（0.93~1.27）、1.17（1.01~1.37）、1.34（1.14~1.58）和1.31（1.09~1.56）。青中年人群随着BMI的升高，高血压发病风险呈逐渐上升趋势（P<0.05）；老年人群随着BMI的增加，高血压发病风险则无显著变化趋势（P>0.05）。 结论： BMI与高血压发病风险的关联受到年龄因素修饰的影响，在青中年人群中干预BMI可更有效降低高血压发病风险。.
Keywords: Age; Body mass index; Cohort; Hypertension; Modification.