Co-inhibition as a strategic therapeutic approach to overcome rifampin resistance in tuberculosis therapy: atomistic insights

Future Med Chem. 2018 Jul 1;10(14):1665-1675. doi: 10.4155/fmc-2017-0197. Epub 2018 Jun 29.

Abstract

Aim: Amid the current global challenge of antimicrobial resistance, RNA polymerase remains a paramount therapeutic target for tuberculosis. Dual binding of rifampin (RIF) and a novel compound, DAAP1, demonstrated the suppression of RIF resistance. However, a paucity of data elucidating the structural mechanism of action of this synergistic interaction prevails. Methodology & results: Molecular dynamic simulations unraveled the synergistic inhibitory characteristics of DAAP1 and RIF. Co-binding induced a stable protein, increased the degree of compactness of binding site residues around RIF and subsequently an improved binding affinity toward RIF.

Conclusion: Findings established the structural mechanism by which DAAP1 stabilizes Mycobacterium tuberculosis RNA polymerase, thus possibly suppressing RIF resistance. This study will assist toward the design of novel inhibitors combating drug resistance in tuberculosis.

Keywords: Mycobacterium tuberculosis; RNA polymerase; rifampin-resistance; thermodynamics binding energy; tuberculosis therapy.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Antitubercular Agents / chemistry
  • Antitubercular Agents / metabolism
  • Antitubercular Agents / pharmacology*
  • Bacterial Proteins / antagonists & inhibitors
  • Bacterial Proteins / metabolism
  • Benzene Derivatives / chemistry
  • Benzene Derivatives / metabolism
  • Benzene Derivatives / pharmacology*
  • Binding Sites
  • Catalytic Domain
  • DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / antagonists & inhibitors
  • DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases / metabolism
  • Drug Resistance, Bacterial / drug effects*
  • Humans
  • Molecular Dynamics Simulation
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / drug effects
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / enzymology
  • Phenylalanine / analogs & derivatives*
  • Phenylalanine / chemistry
  • Phenylalanine / metabolism
  • Phenylalanine / pharmacology
  • Rifampin / chemistry
  • Rifampin / metabolism
  • Rifampin / therapeutic use*
  • Thermodynamics
  • Tuberculosis / drug therapy*

Substances

  • Antitubercular Agents
  • Bacterial Proteins
  • Benzene Derivatives
  • DAAP1
  • Phenylalanine
  • DNA-Directed RNA Polymerases
  • Rifampin