Feasibility of concomitant vacuum-assisted removal of lead-related vegetations and cardiac implantable electronic device extraction

J Cardiovasc Electrophysiol. 2018 Oct;29(10):1460-1466. doi: 10.1111/jce.13692. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Abstract

Background: Cardiac implantable electronic device (CIED) infections associated with large, mobile vegetation adds to the complexity of lead extraction and is associated with significant patient morbidity and mortality.

Objective: To show the feasibility of concomitant cardiovascular implantable electronic device extraction and vacuum-assisted removal of lead-related vegetations.

Methods: This is a single-center retrospective case series of consecutive patients with persistent bacteremia, sepsis, or endocarditis despite medical therapy who have vegetations >2 cm and subsequently underwent immediate CIED lead extraction after debulking with vacuum-assisted suction.

Results: Eight patients underwent successful removal of 17 leads immediately after debulking of vegetations with vacuum-assisted device suction. Debulking procedure was not successful in 1 patient due to inability to direct the vacuum suction device into proper position. There were no intraprocedure complications related to the vacuum-assisted debulking. One patient required open sternotomy for tear of the coronary sinus ostium related to extraction of a left ventricular pacing electrode. There was no mortality within 30 days of the procedure.

Conclusions: Based upon these clinical results, it is feasible for patients with infected CIED systems that have large right-sided vegetations to undergo vacuum-assisted debulking then immediately followed by percutaneous CIED removal in whom surgical removal is considered high risk.

Keywords: cardiac implantable electronic device; debulking; endocarditis; infection; lead extraction; lead removal; vacuum; vegetation.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aged
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / adverse effects*
  • Cardiac Surgical Procedures / instrumentation*
  • Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures / adverse effects
  • Cytoreduction Surgical Procedures / methods*
  • Device Removal / adverse effects
  • Device Removal / methods*
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal
  • Feasibility Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Prosthesis Implantation / adverse effects*
  • Prosthesis Implantation / instrumentation*
  • Prosthesis-Related Infections / diagnosis
  • Prosthesis-Related Infections / microbiology
  • Prosthesis-Related Infections / therapy*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Risk Factors
  • Suction
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Vacuum
  • Young Adult