Fibrillin microfibrils and elastic fibre proteins: Functional interactions and extracellular regulation of growth factors

Semin Cell Dev Biol. 2019 May:89:109-117. doi: 10.1016/j.semcdb.2018.07.016. Epub 2018 Jul 20.

Abstract

Fibrillin microfibrils are extensible polymers that endow connective tissues with long-range elasticity and have widespread distributions in both elastic and non-elastic tissues. They act as a template for elastin deposition during elastic fibre formation and are essential for maintaining the integrity of tissues such as blood vessels, lung, skin and ocular ligaments. A reduction in fibrillin is seen in tissues in vascular ageing, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, skin ageing and UV induced skin damage, and age-related vision deterioration. Most mutations in fibrillin cause Marfan syndrome, a genetic disease characterised by overgrowth of the long bones and other skeletal abnormalities with cardiovascular and eye defects. However, mutations in fibrillin and fibrillin-binding proteins can also cause short-stature pathologies. All of these diseases have been linked to dysregulated growth factor signalling which forms a major functional role for fibrillin.

Keywords: ADAMTS; Elastin; Fibrillin; Fibulin; LTBP.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Elastic Tissue / metabolism
  • Elasticity
  • Elastin / genetics
  • Elastin / metabolism
  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins / genetics*
  • Fibrillins / genetics*
  • Humans
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / genetics*
  • Microfibrils / genetics
  • Microfilament Proteins / genetics*
  • Signal Transduction / genetics
  • Skin / growth & development

Substances

  • Extracellular Matrix Proteins
  • Fibrillins
  • Intercellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Microfilament Proteins
  • Elastin