We experienced two cases of adenocarcinoma coexisting with a hyperplastic polyp arising from Helicobacter pylori-negative normal gastric mucosa. The first case was of a 59-year-old man. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy revealed a protruding lesion measuring 4 mm in diameter on the greater curvature of the middle gastric body. The second case was of a 47-year-old man. Esophagogastroduodenoscopy showed a protruding lesion measuring 5 mm located at the greater curvature of the upper gastric body. The absence of atrophic changes in the entire gastric mucosa was confirmed endoscopically in both cases. Multiple H. pylori tests were all negative. Endoscopically, these protruding lesions appeared as reddish, semipedunculated polyps. Hyperplastic polyps were suspected based on white light endoscopic findings. Magnified endoscopy with narrow band imaging could not predict the coexistence of cancer. However, histopathological examination of the resected specimen revealed focal cancer at the surface of the gastric hyperplastic polyps. Considering the possibility that cancer may be coexisting in polyps, when reddish polyps are detected in H. pylori-negative normal gastric mucosa, it is important to perform a biopsy, or a careful follow-up endoscopy.
Keywords: Gastric cancer; Gastric hyperplastic polyp; Helicobacter pylori-negative.