Successful Reorganization of Category-Selective Visual Cortex following Occipito-temporal Lobectomy in Childhood

Cell Rep. 2018 Jul 31;24(5):1113-1122.e6. doi: 10.1016/j.celrep.2018.06.099.

Abstract

Investigations of functional (re)organization in children who have undergone large cortical resections offer a unique opportunity to elucidate the nature and extent of cortical plasticity. We report findings from a 3-year investigation of a child, U.D., who underwent surgical removal of the right occipital and posterior temporal lobes at age 6 years 9 months. Relative to controls, post-surgically, U.D. showed age-appropriate intellectual performance and visuoperceptual face and object recognition skills. Using fMRI at five different time points, we observed a persistent hemianopia and no visual field remapping. In category-selective visual cortices, however, object- and scene-selective regions in the intact left hemisphere were stable early on, but regions subserving face and word recognition emerged later and evinced competition for cortical representation. These findings reveal alterations in the selectivity and topography of category-selective regions when confined to a single hemisphere and provide insights into dynamic functional changes in extrastriate cortical architecture.

Keywords: category-selectivity; childhood; cortical organization; cortical resection; epilepsy; face processing; lobectomy; plasticity; visuospatial performance; word processing.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Child
  • Cognition
  • Drug Resistant Epilepsy / surgery
  • Facial Recognition
  • Humans
  • Language
  • Magnetic Resonance Imaging
  • Male
  • Neuronal Plasticity*
  • Psychosurgery*
  • Temporal Lobe / surgery*
  • Visual Cortex / diagnostic imaging
  • Visual Cortex / physiopathology*
  • Visual Cortex / surgery