Clinical characteristics of patients with dementia in a local emergency clinic in Japan

Geriatr Gerontol Int. 2018 Sep;18(9):1383-1387. doi: 10.1111/ggi.13496. Epub 2018 Aug 21.

Abstract

Aim: The present study aimed to clarify the clinical characteristics of patients with dementia in an emergency clinic.

Methods: We retrospectively examined patients with dementia who visited the emergency clinic at Kurashiki Heisei Hospital, Okayama, Japan. Among 16 764 patients who visited our emergency clinic in the 3 years from 2014 to 2017, we focused on 2574 (15.4%) patients with dementia.

Results: The mean age of patients with dementia was 84.9 ± 0.1 years, which was much older than the age of the total emergency patients (58.1 ± 0.2 years). The hospitalization rate was 54.9% for patients with dementia, which was more than double that of patients without dementia (23.3%; P <0.01), and was higher than that (44.3%) of patients who were aged ≥75 years without dementia. Infection (42.4%) and falls (20.9%) were the most common causes for emergency visits and hospitalization in the present study. Hospitalized patients with dementia spent a longer time in hospital for stroke (64.0 ± 5.3 days) and falls (51.9 ± 2.1 days) than those with infection, epilepsy, syncope, loss of consciousness, other causes (all P <0.01) or dehydration (P ≤ 0.05).

Conclusions: Patients with dementia commonly attend our emergency clinic. These patients are older in age, have a higher hospitalization rate and have a longer hospitalization, especially due to stroke and falls, than patients without dementia. Geriatr Gerontol Int 2018; 18: 1383-1387.

Keywords: cause of visit; clinical characteristics; dementia; emergency; hospitalization.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study

MeSH terms

  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Ambulatory Care Facilities / statistics & numerical data
  • Cohort Studies
  • Dementia / diagnosis*
  • Dementia / epidemiology
  • Dementia / therapy*
  • Emergencies
  • Female
  • Geriatric Assessment / methods
  • Hospitalization / statistics & numerical data*
  • Humans
  • Japan
  • Length of Stay*
  • Male
  • Patient Admission / standards*
  • Prevalence
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Assessment
  • Sex Factors