Associations between obesity, smoking and lymph node status at breast cancer diagnosis in the Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian (PLCO) Cancer Screening Trial

PLoS One. 2018 Aug 29;13(8):e0202291. doi: 10.1371/journal.pone.0202291. eCollection 2018.

Abstract

Introduction: There is evidence suggesting that smoking and obesity prior to a breast cancer diagnosis is associated with poorer outcomes. In this study, we investigate the associations between smoking and obesity prior to a breast cancer diagnosis and the presence of lymph node metastases at diagnosis.

Methods: Women with stage I-III breast cancer (n = 3,304) were identified from the National Cancer Institute's Prostate, Lung, Colorectal and Ovarian Cancer Screening Trial. Univariable and multivariable log-binomial models were used to estimate relative risks (RR) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) for associations between lymph node positive breast cancer and; i) smoking, and ii) obesity prior to diagnosis.

Results: Pre-diagnostic smoking/obesity was not associated with lymph node metastasis at diagnosis in multivariable analyses; (RR 0.82, 95%CI 0.61, 1.10) and (RR 0.95, 95% CI 0.81, 1.12), respectively.

Conclusion: Obesity and smoking information was recorded a number of years prior to breast cancer diagnosis, therefore these findings should to be replicated in a larger cohort of women, with more detailed smoking and obesity information.

Publication types

  • Multicenter Study
  • Randomized Controlled Trial
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Breast Neoplasms / complications
  • Breast Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Breast Neoplasms / epidemiology*
  • Early Detection of Cancer
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Lymphatic Metastasis*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Obesity / complications
  • Obesity / epidemiology*
  • Smoking / epidemiology*
  • United States

Grants and funding

This work was supported by the Irish Cancer Society Collaborative Cancer Research Centre BREAST-PREDICT (https://www.cancer.ie/) [CCRC13GAL to K Bennett, TI Barron]. L Murphy and A Smith’s positions are funded by the Irish Cancer Society Collaborative Cancer Research Centre BREAST-PREDICT [CCRC13GAL]. K Bennett’s [RLA/2015/1579] position was funded by the Health Research Board Ireland (http://www.hrb.ie/home/). The Health Research Board Ireland and the Irish Cancer Society had no role in the study design, collection, analysis, and interpretation of data, writing of the report, or the decision to submit for publication.