Objective: To search for an effective method for cryopreservation of rare human sperm (RHS) by comparing the effect of RHS cryopreservation technology with that of conventional cryopreservation technology on post-thaw sperm from patients with severe oligozoospermia.
Methods: Semen samples obtained from 82 patients with severe oligozoospermia were preserved by RHS cryopreservation technology, and another 24 samples cryopreserved by conventional technology, the former divided into groups A (sperm concentration < 1×10⁶/ml, n = 54) and B (1×10⁶/ml ≤ sperm concentration < 5×10⁶/ml, n = 28), and the latter included in group C (sperm concentration < 15×106 /ml, n = 24). The survival rate of post-thaw sperm and recovery rate of progressively motile sperm (PMS) were compared among the three groups.
Results: The survival rate of post-thaw sperm was significantly higher in groups A and B than in C (［62.8 ± 18.7］% and ［61.9 ± 17.2］% vs ［50.7 ± 13.5］%, P < 0.05), and so was the recovery rate of PMS (［68.7 ± 18.4］% and ［70.7 ± 15.5］% vs ［29.2 ± 12.4］% , P < 0.05), but there were no statistically significant differences between groups A and B in either of the two parameters (P > 0.05).
Conclusions: The cryopreservation technology for rare human sperm may yield relatively stable post-thaw results and deserves a wide clinical application in preserving male fertility.
目的： 回顾性分析常规精子冷冻技术和稀少精子冷冻技术对重度少精子症患者精子冷融效果，探索稀少精子冷冻保存的有效方法。 方法： 收集82例重度少精子症患者精液，采用稀少精子冷冻技术冷冻标本，与24例采用常规冷冻技术冷冻的少精子症（精子浓度<15×10⁶/ml）标本进行比较。前者又根据按不同浓度分为A组（精子浓度<1×106 /ml，n=54）、和B组（1×10⁶/ml≤精子浓度<5×10⁶/ml，n=28），后者为C组。比较3组精子冷冻复苏率和回收率。 结果： A、B、C组3组复苏率分别为（62.8±18.7）%、（61.9±17.2）%、（50.7±13.5）%，回收率分别为（68.7±18.4）%、（70.7±15.5）%、（29.2±12.4）%；以上指标，A、B组之间均无显著差异（P>0.05），但A组和B组均显著高于C组（P<0.05）。 结论： 稀少精子冷冻技术在临床中已趋于成熟，冻融结局相对稳定，是一种值得推广的男性生育力保存方式。.
Keywords: cryopreservation technology; rare human sperm; recovery rate; survival rate.