Elective Neck Dissection Versus Observation in Squamous Cell Carcinoma of Oral Cavity With Clinically N0 Neck: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Prospective Studies

J Oral Maxillofac Surg. 2019 Jan;77(1):184-194. doi: 10.1016/j.joms.2018.08.007. Epub 2018 Aug 22.

Abstract

Purpose: To assess the possible benefits of elective neck dissection (END) in patients with squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) of the oral cavity and clinically N0 neck.

Materials and methods: Medline, Embase, the China National Knowledge Infrastructure, and the Wan Fang Database were systematically searched. A meta-analysis was performed to evaluate the possible benefits of END to such patients.

Results: Six prospective studies involving 865 patients fulfilled the inclusion criteria. Meta-analysis of all included studies showed that END substantially lowered the risk of regional recurrences (risk ratio [RR] = 0.27; 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.21-0.36) in the fixed-effect model compared with observation only. Three of the 6 included studies showed that the specific death rate related to regional recurrences was lower in the END group than in the observation group in the fixed-effect model (RR = 0.35; 95% CI, 0.19-0.65). The mean metastasis rate of occult cervical lymph node was 30.27% (standard deviation, 9.42%). When the fixed-effect model was applied, 4 of the 6 included studies showed less recurrence in the END group compared with the observation group (RR = 0.53; 95% CI, 0.44-0.64).

Conclusions: END substantially decreases recurrences and deaths related to regional recurrences in early-stage SCC of the oral cavity with clinically N0 neck, especially SCC of the oral tongue and floor of the mouth, which is necessary for such patients.

Publication types

  • Meta-Analysis
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Carcinoma, Squamous Cell* / surgery
  • China
  • Humans
  • Mouth Neoplasms* / surgery
  • Neck Dissection
  • Neoplasm Recurrence, Local
  • Neoplasm Staging
  • Prospective Studies
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Treatment Outcome