Adiposity in Adolescents: The Interplay of Sleep Duration and Sleep Variability

J Pediatr. 2018 Dec:203:309-316. doi: 10.1016/j.jpeds.2018.07.087. Epub 2018 Sep 20.

Abstract

Objective: To assess whether adiposity measures differed according to joint categories of sleep duration and sleep variability in a sample of Mexican adolescents.

Study design: A sample of 528 Mexico City adolescents aged 9-17 years wore wrist actigraphs for 6-7 days. Average sleep duration was categorized as age-specific sufficient or insufficient. Sleep variability, the standard deviation of sleep duration, was split at the median into stable versus variable. Adiposity measures-body mass index (BMI)-for-age Z score (BMIz), triceps skinfolds, waist circumference, and percent body fat-were collected by trained assistants. We regressed adiposity measures on combined sleep duration and variability categories. Log binomial models were used to estimate prevalence ratios and 95% CI for obesity (>2 BMIz) by joint categories of sleep duration and variability, adjusting for sex, age, and maternal education.

Results: Approximately 40% of the adolescents had insufficient sleep and 13% were obese. Relative to sufficient-stable sleepers, adolescents with insufficient-stable sleep had higher adiposity across all 4 measures (eg, adjusted difference in BMIz was 0.68; 95% CI, 0.35-1.00) and higher obesity prevalence (prevalence ratio, 2.54; 95% CI, 1.36-4.75). Insufficient-variable sleepers had slightly higher BMIz than sufficient-stable sleepers (adjusted difference, 0.30; 95% CI, 0.00-0.59).

Conclusions: Adolescents with consistently insufficient sleep could be at greater risk for obesity. The finding that insufficient-variable sleepers had only slightly higher adiposity suggests that opportunities for "catch-up" sleep may be protective.

Keywords: BMI-for-age Z score; catch-up sleep; percent body fat; triceps skinfolds; waist circumference.

Publication types

  • Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural
  • Research Support, U.S. Gov't, Non-P.H.S.

MeSH terms

  • Actigraphy
  • Adiposity*
  • Adolescent
  • Adolescent Medicine
  • Body Mass Index
  • Child
  • Cross-Sectional Studies
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mexico
  • Overweight / complications*
  • Overweight / epidemiology
  • Pediatric Obesity / complications*
  • Pediatric Obesity / epidemiology
  • Prevalence
  • Sleep / physiology*
  • Sleep Deprivation / complications*
  • Sleep Deprivation / epidemiology
  • Waist Circumference