The characteristics of all-terrain vehicle (ATV)-related deaths: A forensic autopsy data-based study

Forensic Sci Med Pathol. 2018 Dec;14(4):509-514. doi: 10.1007/s12024-018-0014-7. Epub 2018 Oct 11.

Abstract

Using forensic autopsy-based data from a regional medical examiner office in the midwestern U.S. with a mixed small urban-rural population, we describe the characteristics of all-terrain vehicle (ATV)-related deaths occurring between 2000 and 2018. During this period, there were 25 ATV-related deaths. There was a strong male predominance with 22 male and 3 female decedents. The average age at death was 35 years, with a range from 10 to 82 years, and a bimodal age distribution with one peak at 10-19 years old, and a second peak at 60-69 years old. The most common cause of death was blunt trauma (n = 22), with the remainder being torso compression (n = 1), drowning (n = 1) and hypothermia (n = 1). Of the 22 blunt trauma deaths, 15 were due to head trauma. The most common mechanism of accident was roll-over (n = 11), followed by striking a stationary object (n = 6). Of the stationary objects struck, the most common was cable wire fencing accounting for 3 of the 6. A survival period following discovery of the body was present in 11 of the 25 deaths. Postmortem toxicology was positive for ethanol in 7 deaths and tramadol in 1 death.

Keywords: ATV; All-terrain vehicle; Autopsy; Death; Forensic; Off-road.

MeSH terms

  • Accidents / mortality*
  • Adolescent
  • Adult
  • Age Distribution
  • Aged
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Analgesics, Opioid / blood
  • Central Nervous System Depressants / blood
  • Child
  • Ethanol / blood
  • Female
  • Head Protective Devices / statistics & numerical data
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Midwestern United States / epidemiology
  • Off-Road Motor Vehicles / statistics & numerical data*
  • Sex Distribution
  • Tramadol / blood
  • Wounds and Injuries / mortality*
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Analgesics, Opioid
  • Central Nervous System Depressants
  • Tramadol
  • Ethanol