In this study, poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles (PBCA-NPs) modified with various amounts of soybean phospholipid (PC) and polyethylene glycol monostearate (S100) were prepared in order to investigate the effects of PC and S100 on the nanoparticles' physico-chemical properties, cytological properties and in vivo gastrointestinal absorption. Coumarin-6 (C6) was used as a fluorescent probe; C6-loaded PBCA-NPs modified with both PC and S100 (C6-PS-PBCA-NPs) were prepared using miniemulsion polymerization, and C6-loaded PBCA-NPs modified with either S100 (C6-S-PBCA-NPs) or PC (C6-P-PBCA-NPs) were used as references. All of the different NPs were shown to be stably dispersed and to have a small particle size. A cytotoxicity study indicated that all of the blank PBCA-NPs were safe and nontoxic. The uptake of NPs by Caco-2 cells was shown to be increased when the amount of PC was increased from 0% to 1.25% and the amount of S100 was increased from 0% to 0.725%. The use of a ligated intestinal loop model demonstrated that C6-PS-PBCA-NPs could rapidly penetrate a highly viscoelastic mucous layer, leading to an improvement in the absorption efficiency. During a pharmacokinetic study, C6-PS-PBCA-NPs improved the absorption of C6, as indicated by their higher Cmax and AUC0-t values compared with those of C6-S-PBCA-NPs or C6-P-PBCA-NPs. Overall, the results of this study indicate that PBCA-NPs modified with PC and S100 can enhance the absorption of orally administered drugs.
Keywords: Oral bioavailability; Poly(n-butyl cyanoacrylate) nanoparticles; Polyethylene glycol (100) monostearate; Soybean phospholipid.
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