Clinical features of octogenarian patients with tuberculosis at a tertiary hospital in South Korea

J Int Med Res. 2019 Jan;47(1):271-280. doi: 10.1177/0300060518800597. Epub 2018 Oct 21.

Abstract

Objective: The growth of the older population is a great challenge for tuberculosis (TB) control in South Korea. This study was performed to investigate the clinical characteristics of and treatment outcomes among octogenarian patients with TB.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the medical records of 109 patients with TB (age of ≥80 years) from January 2014 to March 2017. Clinical, microbiologic, and radiologic findings were obtained.

Results: Fifty-five patients (50.5%) were male, the mean age of the patients was 83.8 years, and 75 patients (68.8%) had pulmonary TB. All patients with pulmonary TB underwent either chest X-ray or chest computed tomography examination, and the results showed that only one-third (n = 33, 39.3%) had active lesions suggestive of TB. Twenty-nine patients (26.4%) had an unfavorable outcome (21 died and 8 were lost to follow-up). Only two TB-related deaths occurred, and both were caused by respiratory failure. Among the 15 non-TB-related deaths, the progression of malignancy and sepsis were the most frequent causes of death.

Conclusions: A high mortality rate was observed in octogenarian patients with TB, and most of these deaths were non-TB-related. Among all causes of mortality, solid malignancy was a significant risk factor for death.

Keywords: Outcome; malignancy; mortality; octogenarian; sepsis; tuberculosis.

MeSH terms

  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Antitubercular Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / drug effects
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / growth & development
  • Mycobacterium tuberculosis / pathogenicity
  • Neoplasms / complications*
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy
  • Neoplasms / microbiology
  • Neoplasms / mortality
  • Republic of Korea
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Sepsis / complications*
  • Sepsis / drug therapy
  • Sepsis / microbiology
  • Sepsis / mortality
  • Survival Analysis
  • Tertiary Care Centers
  • Tomography, X-Ray Computed
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / complications*
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / drug therapy
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / microbiology
  • Tuberculosis, Pulmonary / mortality

Substances

  • Antitubercular Agents