Successful treatment outcomes in pregnant patients with ANCA-associated vasculitides: A systematic review of literature

Int J Rheum Dis. 2018 Sep;21(9):1734-1740. doi: 10.1111/1756-185X.13342.

Abstract

Aim: Antineutrophil cytoplasmic antibody-associated vasculitides (AAV) are a group of small vessel vasculitis with systemic presentations and considerable morbidity and mortality. Pregnancy in these patients poses a significant therapeutic challenge. There is limited published literature regarding pregnancy in AAV.

Methods: Two cases of successful pregnancy outcomes in patients with active AAV are described. A systematic review was conducted on the lines of the PRISMA statement for conducting systemic reviews: PubMed (inception of PubMed until 30 April 2017, English language only) and EmBase databases were searched using the following terms: 'pregnancy' AND 'ANCA associated vasculitis' OR 'granulomatosis with polyangiitis' OR 'eosinophilic granulomatosis with polyangiitis' OR 'microscopic polyangiitis' OR 'Churg-Strauss syndrome' OR 'Wegener's granulomatosis'.

Results: One hundred and thirty-seven pregnancies were documented in 110 patients of AAV. Vasculitis diagnosis was made before pregnancy in 69, during pregnancy in 32 and after pregnancy in 9 patients. Mean age at the time of pregnancy was 29.3 ± 5.3 years. There were 91 term pregnancies, 28 were preterm pregnancies, 15 abortions and 3 still births; 78 had normal delivery and 26 had caesarian section.

Conclusion: Successful pregnancies have been reported in AAV patients.

Keywords: ANCA associated vasculitis; Churg-Strauss syndrome; GPA; Wegener's granulomatosis; cyclophosphamide; pregnancy outcomes; pregnancy treatment; rituximab.

Publication types

  • Case Reports
  • Systematic Review

MeSH terms

  • Abortion, Induced
  • Adult
  • Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis / complications
  • Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis / diagnosis
  • Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis / drug therapy*
  • Anti-Neutrophil Cytoplasmic Antibody-Associated Vasculitis / immunology
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / adverse effects
  • Immunosuppressive Agents / therapeutic use*
  • Live Birth
  • Pregnancy
  • Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / diagnostic imaging
  • Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / drug therapy*
  • Pregnancy Complications, Cardiovascular / immunology
  • Premature Birth / etiology
  • Risk Factors
  • Rituximab / adverse effects
  • Rituximab / therapeutic use*
  • Stillbirth
  • Treatment Outcome
  • Young Adult

Substances

  • Immunosuppressive Agents
  • Rituximab