Assessing copy number aberrations and copy neutral loss of heterozygosity across the genome as best practice: An evidence based review of clinical utility from the cancer genomics consortium (CGC) working group for myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative and myeloproliferative neoplasms

Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna; Jennelle C Hodge; Tracy Tucker; Shashi Shetty; Ashwini Yenamandra; Amanda Dixon-McIver; Christine Bryke; Emma Huxley; Patrick A Lennon; Gordana Raca; Xinjie Xu; Sally Jeffries; Fabiola Quintero-Rivera; Patricia T Greipp; Marilyn L Slovak; M Anwar Iqbal; Min Fang

doi:10.1016/j.cancergen.2018.07.003

Assessing copy number aberrations and copy neutral loss of heterozygosity across the genome as best practice: An evidence based review of clinical utility from the cancer genomics consortium (CGC) working group for myelodysplastic syndrome, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative and myeloproliferative neoplasms

Cancer Genet. 2018 Dec:228-229:197-217. doi: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2018.07.003. Epub 2018 Oct 10.

Authors

Rashmi Kanagal-Shamanna¹, Jennelle C Hodge², Tracy Tucker³, Shashi Shetty⁴, Ashwini Yenamandra⁵, Amanda Dixon-McIver⁶, Christine Bryke⁷, Emma Huxley⁸, Patrick A Lennon⁹, Gordana Raca¹⁰, Xinjie Xu¹¹, Sally Jeffries⁸, Fabiola Quintero-Rivera¹², Patricia T Greipp¹³, Marilyn L Slovak¹⁴, M Anwar Iqbal¹⁵, Min Fang¹⁶

Affiliations

¹ Department of Hematopathology, The University of Texas M.D. Anderson Cancer Center, Houston TX, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Department of Medical and Molecular Genetics, Indiana University School of Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, USA; Department of Pediatrics, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA; Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
³ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Genetics Laboratory, British Columbia Cancer Agency, Vancouver, BC Canada.
⁴ Department of Pathology, UHCMC, University Hospitals and Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH, USA.
⁵ Department of Pathology, Microbiology and Immunology, Vanderbilt University Medical Center, Nashville, TN, USA.
⁶ IGENZ, Auckland, New Zealand.
⁷ Department of Pathology, Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA, USA.
⁸ West Midlands Regional Genetics Laboratory, Birmingham Women's and Children's NHS Foundation Trust, Birmingham, UK.
⁹ PathGroup, Nashville TN, USA.
¹⁰ Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Children's Hospital of Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹¹ ARUP Laboratories, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
¹² Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, UCLA Clinical Genomics Center, University of California Los Angeles, Los Angeles, CA, USA.
¹³ Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Genomics Laboratory, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN, USA.
¹⁴ TriCore Reference Laboratories, University of New Mexico, Albuquerque, NM, USA.
¹⁵ University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY, USA.
¹⁶ Fred Hutchinson Cancer Research Center and University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

PMID: 30377088
DOI: 10.1016/j.cancergen.2018.07.003

Abstract

Multiple studies have demonstrated the utility of chromosomal microarray (CMA) testing to identify clinically significant copy number alterations (CNAs) and copy-neutral loss-of-heterozygosity (CN-LOH) in myeloid malignancies. However, guidelines for integrating CMA as a standard practice for diagnostic evaluation, assessment of prognosis and predicting treatment response are still lacking. CMA has not been recommended for clinical work-up of myeloid malignancies by the WHO 2016 or the NCCN 2017 guidelines but is a suggested test by the European LeukaemiaNet 2013 for the diagnosis of primary myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS). The Cancer Genomics Consortium (CGC) Working Group for Myeloid Neoplasms systematically reviewed peer-reviewed literature to determine the power of CMA in (1) improving diagnostic yield, (2) refining risk stratification, and (3) providing additional genomic information to guide therapy. In this manuscript, we summarize the evidence base for the clinical utility of array testing in the workup of MDS, myelodysplastic/myeloproliferative neoplasms (MDS/MPN) and myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPN). This review provides a list of recurrent CNAs and CN-LOH noted in this disease spectrum and describes the clinical significance of the aberrations and how they complement gene mutation findings by sequencing. Furthermore, for new or suspected diagnosis of MDS or MPN, we present suggestions for integrating genomic testing methods (CMA and mutation testing by next generation sequencing) into the current standard-of-care clinical laboratory testing (karyotype, FISH, morphology, and flow).

Keywords: Copy neutral loss of heterozygosity; Copy number aberrations; Microarray; Myelodysplastic syndrome; Myeloproliferative neoplasm; Next-generation sequencing.

Publication types

Review

MeSH terms

DNA Copy Number Variations*
Humans
Loss of Heterozygosity*
Myelodysplastic Syndromes / genetics*
Myeloproliferative Disorders / genetics*