The Synthesis of Waltherione F and Its Analogues with Modifications at the 2- and 3-Positions as Potential Antitrypanosomal Agents

Chemistry. 2019 Jan 24;25(5):1286-1292. doi: 10.1002/chem.201804061. Epub 2018 Dec 20.

Abstract

Chagas disease also know as American Trypanosomiasis (AT) is a tropical parasitic disease endemic in South America, is caused by Trypanosoma cruzi, which is transmitted by the blood-sucking insect vectors called triatomine bugs. Quinoline alkaloids from the root extract of Waltheria indica are known to possess antitrypanosomal activity. Waltherione F, one of those alkaloids, was synthesised in 5 steps in 11 % overall yield. We report here the first X-ray crystallographic confirmation of the structure of Waltherione F 3. A key step in the sequence utilised the Conrad-Limpach synthesis for the formation of the quinolin-4(1H)-one ring system. Our synthetic strategy was designed to enable the modification of the 2- and 3-positions of the scaffold, allowing the generation of a diverse library of analogues to support our on-going medicinal chemistry program that is looking for new agents to tackle this devastating disease.

Keywords: heterocycles; medicinal organic chemistry; quinoline; trypanosomiasis; waltherione F.

MeSH terms

  • Alkaloids / chemical synthesis
  • Alkaloids / chemistry*
  • Alkaloids / pharmacology
  • Crystallography, X-Ray
  • Malvaceae / chemistry
  • Malvaceae / metabolism
  • Molecular Conformation
  • Plant Roots / chemistry
  • Plant Roots / metabolism
  • Quinolines / chemistry
  • Quinolones / chemical synthesis*
  • Quinolones / chemistry
  • Quinolones / pharmacology
  • Trypanocidal Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Trypanocidal Agents / chemistry
  • Trypanocidal Agents / pharmacology
  • Trypanosoma cruzi / drug effects

Substances

  • Alkaloids
  • Quinolines
  • Quinolones
  • Trypanocidal Agents
  • Waltherione F
  • quinoline