Chemical and bioactivity screening of subcritical water extracts of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) stems

Jaroslava Švarc-Gajić; Víctor Cerdà; Sabrina Clavijo; Ruth Suárez; Gökhan Zengin; Aleksandra Cvetanović

doi:10.1016/j.jpba.2018.11.006

Chemical and bioactivity screening of subcritical water extracts of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) stems

J Pharm Biomed Anal. 2019 Feb 5:164:353-359. doi: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.11.006. Epub 2018 Nov 3.

Authors

Jaroslava Švarc-Gajić¹, Víctor Cerdà², Sabrina Clavijo², Ruth Suárez², Gökhan Zengin³, Aleksandra Cvetanović⁴

Affiliations

¹ Faculty of Technology, Department for Applied and Engineering Chemistry, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21 000, Novi Sad, Serbia. Electronic address: [email protected].
² Faculty of Science, Department of Chemistry, Laboratory of Environmental Analytical Chemistry-LQA(2), University of Balearic Islands, Cra. Valldemosa km 7.5, 07122, Palma de Mallorca, Spain.
³ Faculty of Science, Department of Biology, Selcuk University, Selcuklu, Konya, Turkey.
⁴ Faculty of Technology, Department for Applied and Engineering Chemistry, University of Novi Sad, Bulevar cara Lazara 1, 21 000, Novi Sad, Serbia.

PMID: 30439662
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2018.11.006

Abstract

Subcritical water extracts of chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) stems were chemically and biologically characterised. Chemical profile was defined by GC-MS analysis whereas anti-oxidant, anti-diabetic and tyrosinase-inhibitory activities of the extracts were investigated by in vitro assays. Antioxidant activity assays revealed strong activity against DPPH radical (IC₅₀ = 0.1 mg/mL) and reducing power (IC₅₀ = 0.25 mg/mL). The extracts demonstrated remarkable amylase (0.59 mmol ACAE/g) and glucosidase (7.50 mmol ACAE/g) inhibitory effects. Anti-tyrosinase activity of aronia stem extracts obtained by subcritical water was calculated to be 15.87 mg KAE/g extract. GC-MS analysis of chokeberry stem subcritical water extracts revealed the presence of different chemical classes. The compounds present in the highest concentrations were polyols arabitol (13.7%), xylitol (3.5%), and glycerol (1.96%), as well as sugars such as fructose (3.04%), ribose (1.99%) and xylulose (1.18%).

Keywords: Anti-diabetic activity; Chokeberry (Aronia melanocarpa) stems; GC–MS; Subcritical water extraction; Tyrosinase inhibition.

MeSH terms

Antioxidants / analysis
Antioxidants / chemistry
Antioxidants / isolation & purification
Antioxidants / pharmacology*
Biphenyl Compounds / chemistry
Enzyme Assays / methods
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / instrumentation
Gas Chromatography-Mass Spectrometry / methods
Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / analysis
Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / chemistry
Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / isolation & purification
Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors / pharmacology*
Inhibitory Concentration 50
Monophenol Monooxygenase / antagonists & inhibitors*
Monosaccharides / analysis
Monosaccharides / chemistry
Monosaccharides / isolation & purification
Monosaccharides / pharmacology
Oxidation-Reduction / drug effects
Photinia / chemistry*
Picrates / chemistry
Plant Extracts / analysis
Plant Extracts / chemistry
Plant Extracts / isolation & purification
Plant Extracts / pharmacology*
Plant Stems / chemistry
Sugar Alcohols / analysis
Sugar Alcohols / chemistry
Sugar Alcohols / isolation & purification
Sugar Alcohols / pharmacology
Water / chemistry

Substances

Antioxidants
Biphenyl Compounds
Glycoside Hydrolase Inhibitors
Monosaccharides
Picrates
Plant Extracts
Sugar Alcohols
Water
1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl
Monophenol Monooxygenase