Synthesis of (+)-Darwinolide, a Biofilm-Penetrating Anti-MRSA Agent

Angew Chem Int Ed Engl. 2019 Jan 21;58(4):1120-1122. doi: 10.1002/anie.201813142. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Abstract

Darwinolide, a recently identified marine natural product from the Antarctic sponge Dendrilla membranosa, was previously shown to exhibit promising activity against the biofilm phase of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus. Its challenging tetracyclic rearranged spongian diterpenoid structure links a trimethylcyclohexyl subunit to a seven-membered core with two fused tetrahydrofuran units. Herein, we describe the first synthesis of (+)-darwinolide, which features a convergent aldol fragment coupling, an Ireland-Claisen rearrangement, and an organocatalytic desymmetrization as the key steps. Our results provide a foundation for the development of novel antibiofilm-specific antibiotics.

Keywords: antibiotics; darwinolide; marine natural products; terpenoids; total synthesis.

MeSH terms

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemical synthesis*
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / chemistry
  • Anti-Bacterial Agents / pharmacology
  • Biofilms / drug effects*
  • Diterpenes / chemical synthesis*
  • Diterpenes / chemistry
  • Diterpenes / pharmacology
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / drug effects*
  • Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus aureus / physiology
  • Microbial Sensitivity Tests
  • Molecular Structure

Substances

  • Anti-Bacterial Agents
  • Diterpenes
  • darwinolide