Antiplatelet effects of aspirin and clopidogrel after left atrial appendage (LAA) occluder implantation

Int J Cardiol. 2019 Jan 15:275:95-100. doi: 10.1016/j.ijcard.2018.10.040. Epub 2018 Oct 16.

Abstract

Background: The optimal antithrombotic strategy after interventional left atrial appendage closure (LAAC) is controversial. Dual antiplatelet therapy with aspirin and clopidogrel is the most frequently used regiment. However, pharmacodynamic response to antiplatelet medication differs significantly between individuals. Therefore, we aimed to analyse pharmacodynamic response to aspirin and clopidogrel after LAAC.

Methods: In this study, we included 129 patients undergoing interventional LAAC. Primary end point was pharmacodynamic response to antiplatelet medication. Platelet reactivity was measured by light transmittance aggregometry and vasodilator stimulated protein phosphorylation assay. Secondary endpoints were TIMI bleeding events and MACCE during hospital course and one-year follow-up.

Results: Insufficient pharmacodynamic response (high on-treatment platelet reactivity - HTPR) to clopidogrel occurred in 67 patients (52%); HTPR to aspirin in 15 patients (12%); low on-treatment platelet reactivity - LTPR - to clopidogrel in 13 patients (10%). No occluder thrombosis or stroke occurred during one year follow-up. Pharmacodynamic response to antiplatelet medication was not associated with MACCE. However, the incidence of TIMI minor bleeding was increased in patients with LTPR to clopidogrel.

Conclusions: Impaired clopidogrel antiplatelet effects were very frequent in patients after LAAC. No stroke or occluder thrombosis occurred. Patients with LTPR to clopidogrel showed more minor bleeding events. Therefore, this hypothesis generating pilot study raises the question if clopidogrel early after LAAC is needed. This question should be addressed in large scale trials.

Keywords: Aggregation; Aspirin; Clopidogrel; LAA-occluder; Platelet activation; Platelet inhibition.

MeSH terms

  • Aged
  • Aspirin / administration & dosage
  • Aspirin / pharmacokinetics*
  • Atrial Appendage / diagnostic imaging
  • Atrial Appendage / drug effects*
  • Atrial Appendage / surgery
  • Atrial Fibrillation / blood
  • Atrial Fibrillation / complications
  • Atrial Fibrillation / therapy*
  • Clopidogrel / administration & dosage
  • Clopidogrel / pharmacokinetics*
  • Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
  • Drug Therapy, Combination
  • Echocardiography, Transesophageal
  • Female
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Pilot Projects
  • Platelet Aggregation / drug effects*
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics
  • Postoperative Period
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Septal Occluder Device*
  • Stroke / etiology
  • Stroke / prevention & control*
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Platelet Aggregation Inhibitors
  • Clopidogrel
  • Aspirin