Label-free characterization of exosome via surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the early detection of pancreatic cancer

Joseph Carmicheal; Chihiro Hayashi; Xi Huang; Lei Liu; Yao Lu; Alexey Krasnoslobodtsev; Alexander Lushnikov; Prakash G Kshirsagar; Asish Patel; Maneesh Jain; Yuri L Lyubchenko; Yongfeng Lu; Surinder K Batra; Sukhwinder Kaur

doi:10.1016/j.nano.2018.11.008

Label-free characterization of exosome via surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy for the early detection of pancreatic cancer

Nanomedicine. 2019 Feb:16:88-96. doi: 10.1016/j.nano.2018.11.008. Epub 2018 Dec 11.

Authors

Affiliations

¹ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
² Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA.
³ Department of Physics University of Nebraska at Omaha 6001 Dodge Street, Omaha, NE, USA; Nanoimaging Core Facility, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
⁴ Nanoimaging Core Facility, College of Pharmacy, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA.
⁵ Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁶ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].
⁷ Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Nebraska Medical Center, Omaha, NE, USA. Electronic address: [email protected].

Abstract

Pancreatic cancer is a highly lethal malignancy. Lack of early diagnostic markers makes timely detection of pancreatic cancer a highly challenging endeavor. Exosomes have emerged as information-rich cancer specific biomarkers. However, characterization of tumor-specific exosomes has been challenging. This study investigated the proof of principle that exosomes could be used for the detection of pancreatic cancer. Label-free analysis of exosomes purified from normal and pancreatic cancer cell lines was performed using surface enhanced Raman Spectroscopy (SERS) and principal component differential function analysis (PC-DFA), to identify tumor-specific spectral signatures. This method differentiated exosomes originating from pancreatic cancer or normal pancreatic epithelial cell lines with 90% accuracy. The cell line trained PC-DFA algorithm was next applied to SERS spectra of serum-purified exosomes. This method exhibited up to 87% and 90% predictive accuracy for HC and EPC individual samples, respectively. Overall, our study identified utility of SERS spectral signature for deciphering exosomal surface signature.

Keywords: Exosome; Label-free; Liquid biopsy; Pancreatic cancer; Surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.

Publication types

Research Support, N.I.H., Extramural

MeSH terms

Algorithms
Biomarkers, Tumor / analysis
Early Detection of Cancer / methods*
Exosomes / metabolism*
Humans
Microscopy, Electron, Transmission
Pancreatic Neoplasms / diagnosis*
Pancreatic Neoplasms / metabolism*
Principal Component Analysis
Spectrum Analysis, Raman / methods*

Substances

Biomarkers, Tumor

Abstract

Publication types

MeSH terms

Substances

Grants and funding