Suicides between 2010 and 2014 in the German Armed Forces-Comparison of Suicide Registry Data and a German Armed Forces Survey

Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2019 Oct;49(5):1497-1509. doi: 10.1111/sltb.12534. Epub 2018 Dec 17.

Abstract

Background: The last 10 years have seen an increase in the number of suicides in the US Armed Forces. Accordingly, the topic of suicides in the German military has received a lot of attention in media and science alike.

Methods: This study retrospectively examined all suicides (N = 107) committed by active, nonretired German military personnel from 2010 to the end of 2014, analyzing archived medical records. In a second step, these data were compared to a representative German Armed Forces survey conducted in 2012 (N = 1,549).

Results: The following risk groups for suicide were identified: male (OR = 9.6), single (OR = 7.8), aged over 45 years (OR = 4.0), short period of service (<2 years; OR = 2.7), and low level of education (OR = 2.2). Surprisingly, military personnel with little experience in deployments abroad (<2 missions) showed double the risk (OR = 2.0) compared to those who had been deployed more than once.

Discussion: Multiple robustness checks show that being single, aged over 45 years, and having obtained a low level of education exhibit the most robust effects on suicide risk.

Conclusion: Efforts should be made to develop and evaluate risk group-focused prevention programs. We conclude, that further studies should be initiated to show differences of risk groups between lethal and nonlethal suicidal behavior.

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Educational Status
  • Female
  • Germany / epidemiology
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Middle Aged
  • Military Personnel* / psychology
  • Military Personnel* / statistics & numerical data
  • Registries / statistics & numerical data
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Risk Factors
  • Single Person / psychology
  • Single Person / statistics & numerical data
  • Suicide Prevention*
  • Suicide* / statistics & numerical data
  • Surveys and Questionnaires / statistics & numerical data
  • Time Factors