This work synthetically documents the history of women's efforts to be professionally acknowledged as surgeon. The examined timeline goes back from ancient civilizations to our days. It highlights the difficulties that women have had in time, particularly in the last two centuries, trying to make their aspirations come true and their will in becoming surgeons. The attention goes to the difficulties that are faced in our time regarding the medical field and the academic career. Moreover, corrective organizational and behavioural advice is given to solve specific problems still actual, in order to promote sex equality and working collaboration.