Endothelin-1 enhanced carotid body chemosensory activity in chronic intermittent hypoxia through PLC, PKC and p38MAPK signaling pathways

Neuropeptides. 2019 Apr:74:44-51. doi: 10.1016/j.npep.2018.12.004. Epub 2018 Dec 18.

Abstract

Endothelin-1 (ET-1), as it functions as a neuromodulator, has been associated with hypertension in chronic intermittent hypoxia (CIH) which attribute to enhanced carotid body sensibility to hypoxia. However, the molecular mechanism of ET-1 on carotid body sensibility in CIH is still not clear. Here, effect of ET-1 on carotid body chemosensory stimulation in rats exposed to either CIH or room air (Normoxia) was explored. Furthermore, Phospholipase C (PLC), Protein kinase C (PKC) or p38 MAPK antagonists were adopted to clarify the signalling pathways involved. Results showed that ET-1 induced a higher increase of carotid sinus nerve activity (CSNA) in animals exposed to CIH. Both ETA and ETB receptor expression were up-regulated by CIH exposure, but only ETA is responsible for ET-1 induced CSNA increase. Additional, the increase was inhibited by PLC, PKC, p38 MAPK antagonists and calcium channel blocker. Our findings support that ETA receptor mediates ET-1-induced CSNA increase through PLC, PKC and p38 MAPK signalling pathways in chronic intermittent hypoxia. Also, our study indicated that calcium influx was necessary for enhancing effect of ET-1 on CSNA.

Keywords: Calcium; Carotid sinus nerve activity; Chronic intermittent hypoxia; ET-1; Phospholipase C; Protein kinase C; p38 MAPK.

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Carotid Arteries / innervation
  • Carotid Arteries / physiopathology
  • Carotid Body / drug effects
  • Carotid Body / metabolism*
  • Endothelin-1 / administration & dosage
  • Endothelin-1 / metabolism*
  • Hypoxia / metabolism*
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins / metabolism*
  • Male
  • Protein Kinase C / metabolism
  • Rats, Sprague-Dawley
  • Receptors, Endothelin / metabolism*
  • Signal Transduction
  • Type C Phospholipases / metabolism
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases / metabolism

Substances

  • Endothelin-1
  • Intracellular Signaling Peptides and Proteins
  • Receptors, Endothelin
  • Protein Kinase C
  • p38 Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinases
  • Type C Phospholipases