Differential distribution of peroxisomal proteins points to specific roles of peroxisomes in the murine retina

The retinal pathology in peroxisomal disorders suggests that peroxisomes are important to maintain retinal homeostasis and function. These ubiquitous cell organelles are mainly involved in lipid metabolism, which comprises α- and β-oxidation and ether lipid synthesis. Although peroxisomes were extensively studied in liver, their role in the retina still remains to be elucidated. As a first step in gaining more insight into the role of peroxisomes in retinal physiology, we performed immunohistochemical stainings, immunoblotting and enzyme activity measurements to reveal the distribution of peroxisomes and peroxisomal lipid metabolizing enzymes in the murine retina. Whereas peroxisomes were detected in every retinal layer, we found a clear differential distribution of the peroxisomal lipid metabolizing enzymes in the neural retina compared to the retinal pigment epithelium. In particular, the ABC transporters that transfer lipid substrates into the organelle as well as several enzymes of the β-oxidation pathway were enriched either in the neural retina or in the retinal pigment epithelium. In conclusion, our results strongly indicate that peroxisome function varies between different regions in the murine retina.