Ginsenoside Rg1 prevents acetaminophen-induced oxidative stress and apoptosis via Nrf2/ARE signaling pathway

J Asian Nat Prod Res. 2019 Aug;21(8):782-797. doi: 10.1080/10286020.2018.1504024. Epub 2019 Jan 4.

Abstract

Inappropriate use of acetaminophen (APAP) can lead to morbidity and mortality secondary to hepatic necrosis. Ginsenoside Rg1 is a major active ingredient in processed Panax ginseng, which is proved to elicit biological effects. We hypothesized the beneficial effect of Rg1 on APAP-mediated hepatotoxicity was through Nrf2/ARE pathway. The study was conducted in cells and mice, comparing the actions of Rg1. Rg1 significantly improved cell survival rates and promoted the expression of antioxidant proteins. Meanwhile, Rg1 reduced the excessive ROS and the occurrence of cell apoptosis, which were related to Nrf2/ARE pathway. Expression of Nrf2 has a certain cell specificity.

Keywords: Nrf2; acetaminophen; apoptosis; ginsenoside Rg1; oxidative stress.

MeSH terms

  • Acetaminophen / toxicity*
  • Animals
  • Antioxidant Response Elements / physiology*
  • Antioxidants / pharmacology
  • Apoptosis / drug effects*
  • Ginsenosides / pharmacology*
  • HEK293 Cells
  • Hep G2 Cells
  • Humans
  • Male
  • Mice
  • Mice, Inbred C57BL
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2 / physiology*
  • Oxidative Stress / drug effects*
  • Signal Transduction / drug effects

Substances

  • Antioxidants
  • Ginsenosides
  • NF-E2-Related Factor 2
  • NFE2L2 protein, human
  • Acetaminophen
  • ginsenoside Rg1