A benzoxazole compound as a novel MEK inhibitor for the treatment of RAS/RAF mutant cancer

Int J Cancer. 2019 Jul 15;145(2):586-596. doi: 10.1002/ijc.32119. Epub 2019 Jan 28.

Abstract

Mutations in RAS/RAF occur in large portion of malignancies and are associated with aggressive clinical behaviors and poor prognosis. Therefore, we developed a novel benzoxazole compound (KZ-001) as a highly potent and selective MEK 1/2 inhibitor. Our efforts were focused on enhancing the activity of the known MEK inhibitor AZD6244 and overcoming the shortcomings existing in current MEK inhibitors. Here we show that compound KZ-001 exhibits approximately 30-fold greater inhibition against BRAF- and KRAS-mutant tumor cells than that of AZD6244. These results were also demonstrated using in vivo xenograft models. Furthermore, pharmacokinetics (PK) analysis was performed for KZ-001, and this compound showed good orally bioavailability (28%) and exposure (AUC0-∞ = 337 ± 169 ng h/mL). To determine its potential clinical application, the synergistic effect of KZ-001 with other agents was investigated both in vitro and in vivo (xenograft models). KZ-001 exhibited synergistic anti-cancer effect in combination with BRAF inhibitor vemurafenib and a microtubule-stabilizing chemotherapeutic agent docetaxel. In addition, KZ-001 inhibited the MAPK pathway like known MEK inhibitors. In summary, KZ-001, a structurally novel benzoxazole compound, was developed as a MEK inhibitor that has potential for cancer treatment.

Keywords: MEK inhibitor; RAF/RAS mutant cancer; benzoxazole compound; high potency; synergism.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Benzoxazoles / administration & dosage*
  • Benzoxazoles / chemistry
  • Benzoxazoles / pharmacokinetics
  • Biological Availability
  • Cell Line, Tumor
  • Cell Proliferation / drug effects
  • Cell Survival / drug effects
  • Docetaxel / administration & dosage
  • Docetaxel / pharmacology
  • Drug Synergism
  • Female
  • HT29 Cells
  • Humans
  • Mice
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases / antagonists & inhibitors*
  • Mutation
  • Neoplasms / drug therapy*
  • Neoplasms / genetics
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / administration & dosage
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / chemistry
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors / pharmacokinetics
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf / genetics*
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras) / genetics*
  • Vemurafenib / administration & dosage
  • Vemurafenib / pharmacology
  • Xenograft Model Antitumor Assays

Substances

  • Benzoxazoles
  • KRAS protein, human
  • Protein Kinase Inhibitors
  • Docetaxel
  • Vemurafenib
  • BRAF protein, human
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins B-raf
  • Mitogen-Activated Protein Kinase Kinases
  • Proto-Oncogene Proteins p21(ras)