Effect of the Affordable Care Act on breast cancer presentation at a safety net hospital

Am J Surg. 2019 Apr;217(4):764-766. doi: 10.1016/j.amjsurg.2019.01.009. Epub 2019 Jan 17.

Abstract

Introduction: The Affordable Care Act (ACA) mandated the expansion of Medicaid in order to increase access to health care services. We examined the effect of the ACA on breast cancer screening and diagnosis at a Los Angeles safety net hospital.

Methods: We performed a retrospective review of breast cancer patients treated at our institution. We compared two cohorts: patients diagnosed with breast cancer in the years 2011-2012 (pre-ACA) vs. 2015-2016 (post-ACA).

Results: There were no differences in number of screening mammograms performed, age at diagnosis, mammography-detected cancers, or clinical stage at diagnosis. There was a significant decrease in the number of patients who reported as self-pay (34% vs. 6%, p < 0.0001).

Conclusion: In the 2-year period following ACA implementation, there was limited impact on breast cancer presentation at a safety-net hospital. Long-term follow-up across different healthcare systems is necessary to fully evaluate the global impact of the ACA on breast cancer care.

Keywords: Affordable Care Act; Breast cancer; Health disparities; Safety-net hospital.

MeSH terms

  • Breast Neoplasms / diagnostic imaging*
  • Breast Neoplasms / epidemiology
  • Female
  • Healthcare Disparities
  • Humans
  • Insurance Coverage / statistics & numerical data*
  • Mammography / statistics & numerical data*
  • Medicaid
  • Middle Aged
  • Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act*
  • Retrospective Studies
  • Safety-net Providers*
  • United States / epidemiology