From patient-specific induced pluripotent stem cells to clinical translation in long QT syndrome Type 2

Eur Heart J. 2019 Jun 14;40(23):1832-1836. doi: 10.1093/eurheartj/ehz023.

Abstract

Aims: Having shown that Lumacaftor rescued the hERG trafficking defect in the induced pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (iPSC-CMs) of two LQT2 patients, we tested whether the commercial association Lumacaftor + Ivacaftor (LUM + IVA) could shorten the QTc in the same two patients.

Methods and results: After hospital admission and 1 day of baseline recordings, half dose LUM + IVA was administered on Day 1, followed by full dose (LUM 800 mg + IVA 500 mg) for 7 days. A continuous 12-lead Holter ECG allowed a large number of blind QTc measurements. Lumacaftor + Ivacaftor shortened QTc significantly in both patients: in V6 from 551 ± 22 ms to 523 ± 35 ms in Patient 1 (Pt1) and from 472 ± 21 ms to 449 ± 20 ms in Patient 2 (Pt2); in DII from 562 ± 25 ms to 549 ± 35 ms in Pt1 and from 485 ± 32 ms to 452 ± 18 ms in Pt2. In both patients, the percentage of QTc values in the lower tertile increased strikingly: in V6 from 33% to 68% and from 33% to 76%; in DII from 33% to 50% and from 33% to 87%. In the wash-out period a rebound in QTc was observed. On treatment, both patients developed diarrhoea, Pt1 more than Pt2.

Conclusion: This represents the first attempt to validate in patients the in vitro results of a drug repurposing strategy for cardiovascular disorders. Lumacaftor + Ivacaftor shortened significantly the QTc in the two LQT2 patients with a trafficking defect, largely confirming the findings in their iPSC-CMs but with smaller quantitative changes. The findings are encouraging but immediate translation into clinical practice, without validation in more patients, would be premature.

Keywords: Drug repurposing; Human-induced pluripotent stem cells; Life-threatening arrhythmias; Long QT syndrome; Lumacaftor; Mutation-specific therapy; Precision medicine; Sudden death; Trafficking defect.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Aminophenols* / pharmacology
  • Aminophenols* / therapeutic use
  • Aminopyridines* / pharmacology
  • Aminopyridines* / therapeutic use
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents* / pharmacology
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents* / therapeutic use
  • Benzodioxoles* / pharmacology
  • Benzodioxoles* / therapeutic use
  • Drug Combinations
  • Electrocardiography / drug effects*
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Induced Pluripotent Stem Cells / transplantation
  • Long QT Syndrome / therapy*
  • Precision Medicine
  • Quinolones* / pharmacology
  • Quinolones* / therapeutic use

Substances

  • Aminophenols
  • Aminopyridines
  • Anti-Arrhythmia Agents
  • Benzodioxoles
  • Drug Combinations
  • Quinolones
  • lumacaftor, ivacaftor drug combination