Liver Transplant Recipients Older Than 60 Years Show Executive and Memory Function Improvement Comparable to Younger Recipients

Psychosomatics. 2019 Sep-Oct;60(5):488-498. doi: 10.1016/j.psym.2019.01.008. Epub 2019 Jan 23.

Abstract

Background: Increasing numbers of patients over the age of 60 are undergoing liver transplantation.

Objective: We sought to determine whether age or clinical morbidities were associated with pre- and post-transplant executive and memory performance using the Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone (BTACT).

Methods: Participants included 36 recipients with n = 20 in the older group (>60 y) and n = 16 in the younger group (≤60 years). The BTACT was administered an average of 3 months before transplant, and at follow-up post-transplant intervals of 3, 6, and 9 months. BTACT composite scores for memory and executive function with age and education norms were obtained.

Results: Older recipients were more likely to have hepatocellular carcinoma, a lower biological MELD score at transplant, less cellular rejection, and fewer post-operative hospital days. Older and younger recipients showed comparable pre-transplant executive and memory function and comparable post-transplant improvement. Both older and younger patients showed statistically significant improvement in executive function scores at 3 months post-transplant and maintained improvement at 6 and 9 months. Memory function improved significantly in older patients by 6 months post-transplant but did not improve significantly in the younger group.

Conclusion: Older liver transplant recipients were more likely to have hepatocellular carcinoma and a lower biological MELD score than younger recipients, but both age groups showed comparable pre-transplant cognitive performance and post-transplant cognitive improvement. Additionally, a normed telephone test can be used to effectively screen and track executive and memory function post-transplant.

Keywords: Brief Test of Adult Cognition by Telephone neuropsychological; cognitive; elderly; hepatic encephalopathy.

Publication types

  • Comparative Study
  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Adult
  • Age Factors
  • Aged
  • Cognition Disorders / epidemiology*
  • Cognition Disorders / physiopathology
  • Executive Function / physiology*
  • Female
  • Florida / epidemiology
  • Follow-Up Studies
  • Humans
  • Liver Transplantation / adverse effects
  • Liver Transplantation / statistics & numerical data*
  • Male
  • Memory / physiology*
  • Middle Aged
  • Neuropsychological Tests / statistics & numerical data
  • Postoperative Complications / epidemiology*
  • Postoperative Complications / physiopathology