NDR2 promotes the antiviral immune response via facilitating TRIM25-mediated RIG-I activation in macrophages

Sci Adv. 2019 Feb 6;5(2):eaav0163. doi: 10.1126/sciadv.aav0163. eCollection 2019 Feb.

Abstract

Retinoic acid-inducible gene I (RIG-I), a pivotal cytosolic sensor, recognizes viral RNAs to initiate antiviral innate immunity. However, posttranslational regulation of RIG-I signaling is not well understood. We report here that nuclear Dbf2-related kinase 2 (NDR2) functions as a crucial positive regulator of the RIG-I-mediated antiviral immune response. Overexpression of NDR2 or its kinase-inactive mutants potentiates RNA virus-induced production of type I interferons and proinflammatory cytokines and dampens viral replication. NDR2 conditional knockout mice (Lysm+NDR2f/f) show an impaired antiviral immune response. Mechanistically, NDR2 directly associates with RIG-I and TRIM25, thus facilitating the RIG-I/TRIM25 complex and enhancing the TRIM25-mediated K63-linked polyubiquitination of RIG-I, which is required for the RIG-I-mediated antiviral immune response. Furthermore, NDR2 expression is notably down-regulated in peripheral blood from respiratory syncytial virus-infected patients and in virus-infected macrophages. Collectively, these findings provide insights into the function of NDR2 in antiviral immunity and its related clinical significance.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Biomarkers
  • Cytokines
  • DEAD Box Protein 58 / metabolism*
  • Disease Models, Animal
  • Enzyme Activation
  • Host-Pathogen Interactions / immunology*
  • Humans
  • Immunity
  • Immunomodulation
  • Macrophages / immunology*
  • Macrophages / metabolism*
  • Macrophages / virology
  • Mice
  • Mice, Knockout
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases / metabolism*
  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • Signal Transduction
  • Transcription Factors / metabolism*
  • Tripartite Motif Proteins / metabolism*
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases / metabolism*
  • Ubiquitination
  • Virus Diseases / immunology*
  • Virus Diseases / metabolism*
  • Virus Diseases / virology

Substances

  • Biomarkers
  • Cytokines
  • Receptors, Immunologic
  • Transcription Factors
  • Tripartite Motif Proteins
  • TRIM25 protein, human
  • Ubiquitin-Protein Ligases
  • Protein Serine-Threonine Kinases
  • STK38L protein, human
  • RIGI protein, human
  • DEAD Box Protein 58