Abstract
Immune-regulation and homeostasis are critical in cancer therapy and immunomodulatory biomaterials have been used to decrease side effects of immunosuppressant drugs. Anionic macromolecules (CFAMs) were isolated from the seaweed Codium fragile, and its immune-enhancing biological activities were examined in CY-induced immunosuppressed mice. CFAMs improved the splenic lymphocyte proliferation, NK cell activity, and spleen index. The expression of immune-associated genes was highly upregulated in splenic lymphocytes, and gene expression was differently regulated according to mitogens such as T-cell (Con A) and B-cell (LPS) mitogens. Additionally, CFAMs boosted the proliferation, NO production, and phagocytosis of peritoneal macrophages. CFAMs also considerably stimulated immune-associated gene expression in peritoneal macrophages. Moreover, our results showed CFAMs mediated its immune-enhancing effects via the MAPK pathway. These suggested CFAMs can be used as a potent immunomodulatory material under immune-suppressive condition. Furthermore, CFAMs may also be used as a bio-functional and pharmaceutical material for improving human health and immunity.
Publication types
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Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
MeSH terms
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Adjuvants, Immunologic / pharmacology*
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Animals
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Anions / isolation & purification
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Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating / pharmacology
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Chlorophyta / chemistry*
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Cyclophosphamide / pharmacology
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Killer Cells, Natural
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Lymphocyte Activation / drug effects
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MAP Kinase Signaling System / drug effects
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Macromolecular Substances / pharmacology*
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Macrophages, Peritoneal
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Male
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Mice
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Mice, Inbred BALB C
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NF-kappa B / metabolism
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Phagocytosis / drug effects
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Signal Transduction
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Spleen / immunology
Substances
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Adjuvants, Immunologic
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Anions
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Antineoplastic Agents, Alkylating
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Macromolecular Substances
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NF-kappa B
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Cyclophosphamide
Grants and funding
This study was supported by the Marine Bio-Regional Specialization Leading Technology Development Program (D11413914H480000100) funded by the Ministry of Oceans and Fisheries in Korea. This research project also is supported by the University Emphasis Research Institute Support Program (2018R1A6A1A03023584) from the National Research Foundation of Korea. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.