Advances in diagnostics, vaccines and therapeutics for Nipah virus

Microbes Infect. 2019 Aug-Sep;21(7):278-286. doi: 10.1016/j.micinf.2019.02.002. Epub 2019 Feb 26.

Abstract

Nipah virus is an emerging zoonotic paramyxovirus that causes severe and often fatal respiratory and neurological disease in humans. The virus was first discovered after an outbreak of encephalitis in pig farmers in Malaysia and Singapore with subsequent outbreaks in Bangladesh or India occurring almost annually. Due to the highly pathogenic nature of NiV, its pandemic potential, and the lack of licensed vaccines or therapeutics, there is a requirement for research and development into highly sensitive and specific diagnostic tools as well as antivirals and vaccines to help prevent and control future outbreak situations.

Keywords: Emerging viruses; Henipavirus; Nipah virus; Paramyxovirus; Vaccination; Zoonoses.

Publication types

  • Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't
  • Review

MeSH terms

  • Animals
  • Antiviral Agents / therapeutic use
  • Clinical Laboratory Techniques
  • Disease Outbreaks / prevention & control
  • Henipavirus Infections / diagnosis*
  • Henipavirus Infections / epidemiology
  • Henipavirus Infections / prevention & control*
  • Henipavirus Infections / therapy
  • Humans
  • Models, Biological
  • Nipah Virus / genetics
  • Nipah Virus / immunology*
  • Nipah Virus / isolation & purification*
  • Nipah Virus / pathogenicity
  • Viral Vaccines / immunology
  • Zoonoses / epidemiology
  • Zoonoses / transmission

Substances

  • Antiviral Agents
  • Viral Vaccines