Abstract
It has been demonstrated that immune checkpoint blockade has efficacy similar to chemotherapy in the neoadjuvant setting. Biomarkers such as PD-L1 expression levels can be used to rationally design clinical trials aimed at personalizing systemic therapy for patients with muscle-invasive bladder cancer.
Copyright © 2019 European Association of Urology. Published by Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
MeSH terms
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized / therapeutic use*
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological / therapeutic use*
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B7-H1 Antigen / genetics
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Cystectomy
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Humans
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Mutation
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Neoadjuvant Therapy*
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Neoplasm Invasiveness
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Precision Medicine
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Tumor Microenvironment
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Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / genetics
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Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / pathology
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Urinary Bladder Neoplasms / therapy*
Substances
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Antibodies, Monoclonal, Humanized
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Antineoplastic Agents, Immunological
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B7-H1 Antigen
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CD274 protein, human
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atezolizumab
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pembrolizumab