In the development of oxidative stress-relevant diseases, reactive oxygen species (ROS) removal obstacle or excess production results in the damage of the body tissues and organs. Recent studies have demonstrated that nuclear factor E2-related factor 2/heme oxygenase-1 (Nrf2/HO-1) axis played a significant role in anti-oxidative stress. The Nrf2/HO-1 axis counteracts oxidative stress injury by its resistance to inflammation, oxidation, mitochondrial damage and calcium influx, apoptosis, pyroptosis, ferroptosis and autophagy, which provides a theoretical basis for its therapeutic effect on various oxidative stress-relevant diseases in multiple organs (respiratory, cardiovascular, nervous, digestive, urinary and blood systems). Therefore, effective regulation of the Nrf2/HO-1 signal axis can be an important strategy for treatment of oxidative stress-relevant diseases.
在氧化应激性疾病发生发展过程中，活性氧(reactive oxygen species，ROS)的清除障碍或生成过多导致爆发性释放后，可损伤机体各组织器官。最新研究证明：核因子E2相关因子2/血红素加氧酶-1(nuclear factor erythroid-2-related actor 2/heme oxygenase 1，Nrf2/HO-1)信号轴通过发挥抗炎、抗氧化、减少线粒体损伤、调节钙离子内流、调控细胞凋亡(apoptosis)、焦亡(pyroptosis)、铁死亡(ferroptosis)及自噬(autophagy)等作用，抵抗氧化应激损伤，这为它在不同脏器(呼吸、心血管、神经、消化、泌尿、血液)的氧化应激性疾病中的治疗潜力提供了分子机制上的理论基础。因此，有效调控Nrf2/HO-1信号轴可成为治疗氧化应激性疾病的重要靶点。.