Background: After 3 years of continuous-flow left ventricular assist device (CF-LVAD) support, nearly a third of patients develop at least moderate aortic insufficiency (AI). Percutaneous occluder devices, surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR), and urgent heart transplantation are available treatment options. Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has not been widely used for treating symptomatic AI in patients on LVAD support.
Methods: Retrospective chart review and data analysis from October 2010 through August 2017 was performed. A total of 286 patients with end-stage heart failure (ESHF) were implanted with a durable CF-LVAD. Nine patients subsequently developed significant symptomatic AI, which was treated with TAVR.
Results: All 9 patients had 1 TAVR procedure with resolution of AI and were discharged home. Procedural complications include valve migration warranting a second valve for stabilization, retroperitoneal and groin hematoma, and pseudoaneurysm requiring thrombin injection. A significant improvement of the New York Heart Association classification was noted from the time of implant to 6 months. Two patients had unplanned heart failure‒related hospitalizations within 6 months. At 6 months, 89% of patients were alive on LVAD support.
Conclusions: TAVR is a successful treatment modality for LVAD patients who develop symptomatic AI.
Keywords: LVAD; LVAD complications; TAVR; TAVR complications; aortic insufficiency; heart failure.
Copyright © 2019 International Society for Heart and Lung Transplantation. Published by Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.