Safety Evaluation of Autologous Tissue Vaccine Cancer Immunotherapy in a Canine Model

Anticancer Res. 2019 Apr;39(4):1699-1703. doi: 10.21873/anticanres.13275.

Abstract

Background/aim: Previous work in rodent models showed that an autologous tissue vaccine is both a safe and effective approach for treating cancer; however, as a translational step, safety must first be evaluated in a more clinically-relevant model.

Materials and methods: An autologous immunotherapy produced from resected tumors, was evaluated in a clinically-relevant canine model to assess safety. Ninety-three dogs with spontaneously occurring tumors received vaccination with inactivated autologous tumor tissue combined with an adjuvant of particulate porcine small intestinal submucosa extracellular matrix (SIS-ECM). Patients were followed to assess the occurrence of adverse events, overall survival, and tumor recurrence and/or metastasis.

Results: A small number (12%) of patients experienced limited, mild pyrexia, injection site swelling, or lethargy, all resolving without clinical intervention.

Conclusion: Autologous whole cell cancer immunotherapy can be used safely in the canine model of cancer and represents a safe approach for the treatment for cancer.

Keywords: Autologous vaccine; cancer immunotherapy; dog; model; safety.

MeSH terms

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Animals
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / administration & dosage*
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / immunology
  • Antigens, Neoplasm / toxicity
  • Cancer Vaccines / administration & dosage*
  • Cancer Vaccines / immunology
  • Cancer Vaccines / toxicity
  • Dog Diseases / diagnosis
  • Dog Diseases / immunology
  • Dog Diseases / surgery
  • Dog Diseases / therapy*
  • Dogs
  • Female
  • Immunotherapy / adverse effects
  • Immunotherapy / veterinary*
  • Intestinal Mucosa / immunology
  • Intestine, Small / immunology
  • Male
  • Margins of Excision
  • Neoplasm, Residual
  • Neoplasms / diagnosis
  • Neoplasms / immunology
  • Neoplasms / therapy
  • Neoplasms / veterinary*
  • Sus scrofa

Substances

  • Adjuvants, Immunologic
  • Antigens, Neoplasm
  • Cancer Vaccines